HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study

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dc.contributor.authorSengayi, Mazvita
dc.contributor.authorBabb, Chantal
dc.contributor.authorEgger, Matthias
dc.contributor.authorUrban, Margaret I
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T06:20:18Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T06:20:18Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractBackgroundHIV infection is a known risk factor for cancer but little is known about HIV testing patterns and the burden of HIV infection in cancer patients. We did a cross-sectional analysis to identify predictors of prior HIV testing and to quantify the burden of HIV in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa.MethodsThe Johannesburg Cancer Case–control Study (JCCCS) recruits newly-diagnosed black cancer patients attending public referral hospitals for oncology and radiation therapy in Johannesburg . All adult cancer patients enrolled into the JCCCS from November 2004 to December 2009 and interviewed on previous HIV testing were included in the analysis. Patients were independently tested for HIV-1 using a single ELISA test . The prevalence of prior HIV testing, of HIV infection and of undiagnosed HIV infection was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with prior HIV testing.ResultsA total of 5436 cancer patients were tested for HIV of whom 1833[33.7% (95% CI=32.5-35.0)] were HIV-positive. Three-quarters of patients (4092 patients) had ever been tested for HIV. The total prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection was 11.5% (10.7-12.4) with 34% (32.0–36.3) of the 1833 patients who tested HIV-positive unaware of their infection. Men >49 years [OR 0.49(0.39–0.63)] and those residing in rural areas [OR 0.61(0.39–0.97)] were less likely to have been previously tested for HIV. Men with at least a secondary education [OR 1.79(1.11–2.90)] and those interviewed in recent years [OR 4.13(2.62 – 6.52)] were likely to have prior testing. Women >49 years [OR 0.33(0.27–0.41)] were less likely to have been previously tested for HIV. In women, having children <5 years [OR 2.59(2.04–3.29)], hormonal contraceptive use [OR 1.33(1.09–1.62)], having at least a secondary education [OR:2.08(1.45–2.97)] and recent year of interview [OR 6.04(4.45–8.2)] were independently associated with previous HIV testing.ConclusionsIn a study of newly diagnosed black cancer patients in Johannesburg, over a third of HIV-positive patients were unaware of their HIV status. In South Africa black cancer patients should be targeted for opt-out HIV testing.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1171-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
dc.identifier.apacitationSengayi, M., Babb, C., Egger, M., & Urban, M. I. (2015). HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study. <i>BMC Cancer</i>, 15(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34246en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationSengayi, Mazvita, Chantal Babb, Matthias Egger, and Margaret I Urban "HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study." <i>BMC Cancer</i> 15, 1. (2015): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34246en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationSengayi, M., Babb, C., Egger, M. & Urban, M.I. 2015. HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study. <i>BMC Cancer.</i> 15(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34246en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1471-2407
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Sengayi, Mazvita AU - Babb, Chantal AU - Egger, Matthias AU - Urban, Margaret I AB - BackgroundHIV infection is a known risk factor for cancer but little is known about HIV testing patterns and the burden of HIV infection in cancer patients. We did a cross-sectional analysis to identify predictors of prior HIV testing and to quantify the burden of HIV in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa.MethodsThe Johannesburg Cancer Case–control Study (JCCCS) recruits newly-diagnosed black cancer patients attending public referral hospitals for oncology and radiation therapy in Johannesburg . All adult cancer patients enrolled into the JCCCS from November 2004 to December 2009 and interviewed on previous HIV testing were included in the analysis. Patients were independently tested for HIV-1 using a single ELISA test . The prevalence of prior HIV testing, of HIV infection and of undiagnosed HIV infection was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with prior HIV testing.ResultsA total of 5436 cancer patients were tested for HIV of whom 1833[33.7% (95% CI=32.5-35.0)] were HIV-positive. Three-quarters of patients (4092 patients) had ever been tested for HIV. The total prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infection was 11.5% (10.7-12.4) with 34% (32.0–36.3) of the 1833 patients who tested HIV-positive unaware of their infection. Men >49 years [OR 0.49(0.39–0.63)] and those residing in rural areas [OR 0.61(0.39–0.97)] were less likely to have been previously tested for HIV. Men with at least a secondary education [OR 1.79(1.11–2.90)] and those interviewed in recent years [OR 4.13(2.62 – 6.52)] were likely to have prior testing. Women >49 years [OR 0.33(0.27–0.41)] were less likely to have been previously tested for HIV. In women, having children <5 years [OR 2.59(2.04–3.29)], hormonal contraceptive use [OR 1.33(1.09–1.62)], having at least a secondary education [OR:2.08(1.45–2.97)] and recent year of interview [OR 6.04(4.45–8.2)] were independently associated with previous HIV testing.ConclusionsIn a study of newly diagnosed black cancer patients in Johannesburg, over a third of HIV-positive patients were unaware of their HIV status. In South Africa black cancer patients should be targeted for opt-out HIV testing.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1171-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. DA - 2015 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - BMC Cancer LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2015 SM - 1471-2407 T1 - HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study TI - HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34246 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34246
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationSengayi M, Babb C, Egger M, Urban MI. HIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer. 2015;15(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34246.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Public Health and Family Medicine
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceBMC Cancer
dc.source.journalissue1
dc.source.journalvolume15
dc.source.pagination174 - 177
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1171-7
dc.subject.otherHumans
dc.subject.otherHIV-1
dc.subject.otherSarcoma
dc.subject.otherKaposi
dc.subject.otherHIV Infections
dc.subject.otherLymphoma
dc.subject.otherNon-Hodgkin
dc.subject.otherMass Screening
dc.subject.otherPrevalence
dc.subject.otherCase-Control Studies
dc.subject.otherCross-Sectional Studies
dc.subject.otherAttitude to Health
dc.subject.otherCost of Illness
dc.subject.otherMiddle Aged
dc.subject.otherAfrican Continental Ancestry Group
dc.subject.otherSouth Africa
dc.subject.otherFemale
dc.subject.otherMale
dc.subject.otherArticle
dc.titleHIV testing and burden of HIV infection in black cancer patients in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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