Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorRodgers, Allenen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRamsout, Ronicaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-30T10:49:36Z
dc.date.available2015-10-30T10:49:36Z
dc.date.issued2012en_ZA
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractSeveral herbal preparations (Folium pyrrosiae , Desmodium styracifolium, Hylocereus trigonus, Phyllanthus niruri, Orthosiphon stamineus and Cystone®) were investigated as potential therapeutic and prophylactic agents for kidney stone disease. These studies were executed in the context of the existence of a virtually stone-free (black) and a stone-prone (white) population group in South Africa, with a view of establishing whether their respective renal responses are different. The independent in vitro effects of six plant extracts were tested on the crystallization characteristics of calcium oxalate (CaOx), the predominant stone-forming salt in urine. These investigations were performed in synthetic urine and real urine collected from healthy black and white South African males and the following parameters were assessed: urine composition; CaOx metastable limit; particle size-volume distribution; 14 [C]-oxalate deposition kinetics; CaOx crystal nucleation, aggregation and growth kinetics; examination of crystalluria by scanning electron microscopy and calculation of various physicochemical risk indices (Bonn Risk Index, Tiselius Risk Index and the relative urinary supersaturation of several stone-forming salts). All plant extracts inhibited one or more of the crystallization processes. Furthermore, crystal-cell binding, another risk factor for stone formation, was investigated in the presence of plant extracts. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-I cells were used for this experiment. Crystals (inorganic and urinary) were bound to cells incubated in both aqueous media and real urine. Results showed that plant extracts reduced crystal binding under some but not all conditions. One of the extracts (Folium pyrrosiae) was administered to healthy South African black (n=9) and white (n=9) males in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. No significant effects on urine chemistry were found and there were no significant differences between the race groups post- treatment. Compounds from this herb were isolated and purified by the use of sequential liquid-liquid extractions and gel-permeation chromatography. A novel compound, 5 - (3 -(5,5 -dihydroxy-3- oxopentyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxy-5H-indene-6-carboxylic acid , was identified using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy. The findings in this thesis have contributed to the body of knowledge about kidney stone disease. It has been demonstrated that some herbal preparations may be potentially useful in treating and managing this disease, but further clinical testing is required prior to the implementation of such an approach.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationRamsout, R. (2012). <i>Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Chemistry. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14574en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationRamsout, Ronica. <i>"Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Chemistry, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14574en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationRamsout, R. 2012. Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Ramsout, Ronica AB - Several herbal preparations (Folium pyrrosiae , Desmodium styracifolium, Hylocereus trigonus, Phyllanthus niruri, Orthosiphon stamineus and Cystone®) were investigated as potential therapeutic and prophylactic agents for kidney stone disease. These studies were executed in the context of the existence of a virtually stone-free (black) and a stone-prone (white) population group in South Africa, with a view of establishing whether their respective renal responses are different. The independent in vitro effects of six plant extracts were tested on the crystallization characteristics of calcium oxalate (CaOx), the predominant stone-forming salt in urine. These investigations were performed in synthetic urine and real urine collected from healthy black and white South African males and the following parameters were assessed: urine composition; CaOx metastable limit; particle size-volume distribution; 14 [C]-oxalate deposition kinetics; CaOx crystal nucleation, aggregation and growth kinetics; examination of crystalluria by scanning electron microscopy and calculation of various physicochemical risk indices (Bonn Risk Index, Tiselius Risk Index and the relative urinary supersaturation of several stone-forming salts). All plant extracts inhibited one or more of the crystallization processes. Furthermore, crystal-cell binding, another risk factor for stone formation, was investigated in the presence of plant extracts. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)-I cells were used for this experiment. Crystals (inorganic and urinary) were bound to cells incubated in both aqueous media and real urine. Results showed that plant extracts reduced crystal binding under some but not all conditions. One of the extracts (Folium pyrrosiae) was administered to healthy South African black (n=9) and white (n=9) males in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. No significant effects on urine chemistry were found and there were no significant differences between the race groups post- treatment. Compounds from this herb were isolated and purified by the use of sequential liquid-liquid extractions and gel-permeation chromatography. A novel compound, 5 - (3 -(5,5 -dihydroxy-3- oxopentyl)phenoxy)-2-hydroxy-5H-indene-6-carboxylic acid , was identified using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy. The findings in this thesis have contributed to the body of knowledge about kidney stone disease. It has been demonstrated that some herbal preparations may be potentially useful in treating and managing this disease, but further clinical testing is required prior to the implementation of such an approach. DA - 2012 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2012 T1 - Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease TI - Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14574 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14574
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationRamsout R. Investigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone disease. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Chemistry, 2012 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14574en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Chemistryen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherChemistryen_ZA
dc.titleInvestigation of the in vitro and in vivo effects of some herbal preparations on risk factors for calcium oxalate kidney stone diseaseen_ZA
dc.typeDoctoral Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelDoctoral
dc.type.qualificationnamePhDen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
thesis_sci_2012_ramsout_ronica.pdf
Size:
9.48 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
PhD / Doctoral