Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorHering, Egbert Ren_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorKotzé, Wen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMaree, Gert Johannesen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2017-12-12T10:56:39Z
dc.date.available2017-12-12T10:56:39Z
dc.date.issued1995en_ZA
dc.description.abstractThe International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) determines the policy regarding radiation safety internationally. To the ICRP, hereditary changes as a result of either high or low doses, are of a major concern. The SA Forum for Radiation Protection recommended that a research project to determine the genetically-significant dose (GSD) for the South African population should be done as such a project has never been undertaken to date. This term was at first defined by UNSCEAR in 1958. The National Radiological Protection Board derived a formula from this definition as shown in the NRPB Report, NRPB-R106 (1980). This formula was implemented in the project. It combines the frequency of radiological examinations obtained during the country-wide survey and estimates of gonadal doses for different examination types, together with population and child expectancy data. New procedures, techniques and data processing that were relevant to this project had to be developed because the available information and conditions are unique to South Africa. The task was set to find a model in order to draw the best representative sample of the population and it was determined in a unique way, namely the so-called Dollar Unit Sampling method. A sample of 27 institutions out of a possible 292 (9%) was drawn in comparison, e.g., with the 8% of France and 8% in Great Britain. It was necessary to rely mainly on the calculation of gonad doses due to a shortage of manpower, contrary to other countries that were able to physically measure doses. Information obtained in the survey was used in this regard. The "RADCOMP Entrance Skin Exposure Software Program " of Nuclear Associates was used to produce parametric Free Air Exposure tables based on doses from Table B.3, NCRP Report No. 102. After the skin entrance doses were calculated, it was possible to calculate the gonad doses. A computer program was obtained from the Food and Drug Administration in the USA for this purpose. Data analysis was performed by means of the software package Microsoft Excel version 4.0. The above-mentioned formula was used in order to obtain the final results. The GSD for the total SA-population was calculated as 94.6 μGy. The breakdown of the GSD for the various South African race groups was Asian - 229.0 μGy, Black - 66.5 μGy, Coloured - 112.2 μGy and White - 463.4 μGy.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMaree, G. J. (1995). <i>Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Medical Physics. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26562en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMaree, Gert Johannes. <i>"Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Medical Physics, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26562en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMaree, G. 1995. Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Maree, Gert Johannes AB - The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) determines the policy regarding radiation safety internationally. To the ICRP, hereditary changes as a result of either high or low doses, are of a major concern. The SA Forum for Radiation Protection recommended that a research project to determine the genetically-significant dose (GSD) for the South African population should be done as such a project has never been undertaken to date. This term was at first defined by UNSCEAR in 1958. The National Radiological Protection Board derived a formula from this definition as shown in the NRPB Report, NRPB-R106 (1980). This formula was implemented in the project. It combines the frequency of radiological examinations obtained during the country-wide survey and estimates of gonadal doses for different examination types, together with population and child expectancy data. New procedures, techniques and data processing that were relevant to this project had to be developed because the available information and conditions are unique to South Africa. The task was set to find a model in order to draw the best representative sample of the population and it was determined in a unique way, namely the so-called Dollar Unit Sampling method. A sample of 27 institutions out of a possible 292 (9%) was drawn in comparison, e.g., with the 8% of France and 8% in Great Britain. It was necessary to rely mainly on the calculation of gonad doses due to a shortage of manpower, contrary to other countries that were able to physically measure doses. Information obtained in the survey was used in this regard. The "RADCOMP Entrance Skin Exposure Software Program " of Nuclear Associates was used to produce parametric Free Air Exposure tables based on doses from Table B.3, NCRP Report No. 102. After the skin entrance doses were calculated, it was possible to calculate the gonad doses. A computer program was obtained from the Food and Drug Administration in the USA for this purpose. Data analysis was performed by means of the software package Microsoft Excel version 4.0. The above-mentioned formula was used in order to obtain the final results. The GSD for the total SA-population was calculated as 94.6 μGy. The breakdown of the GSD for the various South African race groups was Asian - 229.0 μGy, Black - 66.5 μGy, Coloured - 112.2 μGy and White - 463.4 μGy. DA - 1995 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 1995 T1 - Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991 TI - Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991 UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26562 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/26562
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMaree GJ. Determination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Medical Physics, 1995 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26562en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Medical Physicsen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherRadiation Dosage - South Africaen_ZA
dc.subject.otherRadiation Effects - South Africaen_ZA
dc.subject.otherRadiation Genetics - South Africaen_ZA
dc.titleDetermination of the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology for the South African population, 1990-1991en_ZA
dc.typeDoctoral Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelDoctoral
dc.type.qualificationnamePhDen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
thesis_hsf_1995_maree_gert_johannes.pdf
Size:
4.56 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
PhD / Doctoral