Journal Articles
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing Journal Articles by Faculty "Unknown"
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemOpen AccessGraduate Unemployment in the Face of Skills Shortages: A Labour Market Paradox(2008) Oosthuizen, M; Pauw, K W; Van der Westhuizen, CAnalysts agree that South Africa's unemployment is structural in the sense that the unemployed generally possess lower skills than what is required by the economy. In the context of increasing demand for skilled workers due to technological changes and the need to become globally more competitive, graduates would be expected to find employment without difficulty. However, against expectations unemployment has been increasing among young people with tertiary qualifications since 1995. This paper investigates the nature of this phenomenon. Evidence suggests that learners are inadequately prepared for both tertiary studies and entry into the labour market. Lack of, or inadequate career guidance means that they do not choose fields of study and types of qualifications with good employment prospects. In addition, lack of soft skills and workplace experience mean that employers are reluctant to employ graduates, preferring more experienced people instead.
- ItemRestrictedOn the importance of proper noise modelling for long-term precipitable water vapour trend estimations(2007) Combrink, A; Merry, C LTime-series of precipitable water vapour (PWV), derived from continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) observations, are analysed for the two South African stations HRAO and SUTH. Since water vapour is a major greenhouse gas, observed changes in atmospheric PWV could be indicative of weather and climate change. Our main contribution is a realistic noise model of the PWV observations which enables one to draw correct conclusions about the significance of the derived PWV increase or decrease for given time spans longer than five years. It is demonstrated that the PWV residuals that are obtained after fitting a trend and yearly signal to the data are, due to the simple model’s exclusion of short-term scatter, much larger than the PWV uncertainties provided by the GPS analysis software. Although a better solution for the associated uncertainties is obtained by using the variance of these PWV residuals for the uncertainty rescaling, it is shown that the ARMA(1,1) noise model better represents the associated statistical uncertainties than the simple white noise model. The ARMA(1,1)-derived PWV trend uncertainties are approximately 2 times greater than those for a rescaled white noise model. Finally, it is argued that the variability of the annual signal prevents any trend estimation using time series shorter than about five years. A quantitative measure is presented to determine the minimum period of continuous GPS observational data required to measure PWV trends to a specified accuracy. As result of our study, we conclude that no statistically significant PWV trends are observed at the two GPS stations between 1998 and 2006.
- ItemOpen AccessThe habitus and technological practices of rural students: a case study(2014) Czerniewicz, Laura; Brown, CherylThis paper describes the habitus and technological practices of a South African rural student in his first year at university. This student is one of five self-declared rural students, from a group of 23 first-years in four South African universities, whose access to, and use of, technologies in their learning and everyday lives was investigated in 2011 using a 'digital ethnography' approach. Their digital practices, in the form of their activities in context, were collected through multiple strategies in order to provide a nuanced description of the role of technologies in their lives. The student reported on here came from a school and a community with very little access to information and communication technologies (ICTs). While the adjustment to first year can be challenging for all students, the findings show that this can be especially acute for students from rural backgrounds. The study provides an analysis of one student's negotiation of a range of technologies six to nine months into his first year at university. Earlier theoretical concepts provide a lens for describing his practices through a consideration of his habitus, and access to and use of various forms of capitals in relation to the fields - especially that of higher education - in which he was situated.
- ItemRestrictedTracking identities in transition - using reflective literacy(2006) Hutchings, CI have been teaching a group of students who are mature and experienced professionals in the field of Education, but do not have a prior degree. The class is diverse in terms of language and writing abilities, cultural and educational backgrounds, home and work situations and expectations of and reasons for their studies. Together with the various situational stressors that these students endure on top of the normal ones associated with studying, this poses many challenges. The African University of the 21st Century is following international trends of widened access, and it is therefore likely that it will face similar diversities and challenges. Reflective and dialogical journal writing is a central aspect of my course. It is included in an attempt to contribute towards students' confidence in writing and as an initial step towards development of their academic writing, reading and thinking skills. This article examines the progress of such skills in students through this endeavor and what it can contribute to our own development as teachers in being fully equipped for the African University in the twenty first Century.
- ItemOpen AccessWildlife management in Zimbabwe: evidence from a contingent valuation study(2008) Muchapondwa, EIf communities living adjacent to the elephant see it as a burden, then they cannot be its stewards. To assess their valuation of it, a contingent valuation method study was conducted for one CAMPFIRE district in Zimbabwe. Respondents were classified according to their preferences over the elephant. The median willingness to pay for the preservation of 200 elephants is ZW$260 (US$4.73) for respondents who considered the elephant a public good and ZW$137 (US$2.49) for those favouring its translocation. The preservation of 200 elephants yields an annual net worth of ZW$10,828 (US$196) to CAMPFIRE households. However, the majority of households (62%) do not support elephant preservation. This is one argument against devolution of elephant conservation. External transfers constitute one way of providing additional economic incentives to local communities.