Browsing by Author "Pillay, Tanyia"

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    Chest Imaging for Pulmonary TB—An Update
    (2022-01-26) Nel, Michael; Franckling-Smith, Zoe; Pillay, Tanyia; Andronikou, Savvas; Zar, Heather J
    The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in children is challenging. Difficulties in acquiring suitable specimens, pauci-bacillary load, and limitations of current diagnostic methods often make microbiological confirmation difficult. Chest imaging provides an additional diagnostic modality that is frequently used in clinical practice. Chest imaging can also provide insight into treatment response and identify development of disease complications. Despite widespread use, chest radiographs are usually non-specific and have high inter- and intra-observer variability. Other diagnostic imaging modalities such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide additional information to substantiate diagnosis. In this review, we discuss the radiological features of PTB in each modality, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each. We also address newer imaging technologies and potential use.
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    New imaging approaches for improving diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis
    (Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2014) Bélard, Sabine; Andronikou, Savvas; Pillay, Tanyia; Grobusch, Martin P; Zar, Heather J
    In South Africa (SA), childhood tuberculosis (TB) still accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality. The incidence of TB disease and risk of progression to severe or disseminated forms are especially high in young children or those with HIV infection. Childhood TB presents most commonly as primary TB, often with non specific signs and symptoms; TB may also present as acute pneumonia. The clinical diagnosis can therefore be challenging. Furthermore, due to difficulty in obtaining good-quality specimens and the paucibacillary nature of childhood TB, microbiological confirmation is only achieved in a minority of children, especially in settings where there is limited capacity for microbiological confirmation.