The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa
| dc.contributor.author | Rayner, Brian | |
| dc.contributor.author | Becker, Piet | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-06-21T09:00:13Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-06-21T09:00:13Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2006 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2016-01-11T09:03:17Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | Introduction: In South Africa a cluster of cardiovascular diseases accounts for 17% of all deaths. It is also predicted that South Africa will face an epidemic of chronic kidney disease due to obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. It is important to estimate the burden of underlying cardiovascular and renal disease in South Africa. Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to establish the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy by ECG criteria, and micro- and macroalbuminuria in mild, moderate and severe hypertensive groups. The secondary objective was to establish the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy and micro- and macroalbuminuria in hypertensive patients with underlying type 2 diabetes. Methods: Patients ≥ 35 years with essential hypertension with or without type 2 diabetes were recruited from 100 general practices throughout South Africa. BP, weight, height, waist circumference and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were measured, and an ECG was performed. The Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell criteria were used for estimation of left ventricular hypertrophy. An overall prevalence rate was determined using weights from the severity category distribution inside the study population. Results: One thousand and ninety-one patients were available for analysis. There were 530 (48.5%) males and 561 (51.5%) females, 691 (63.3%) whites, 162 (14.8%) blacks, 150 (13.7%) Asians and 88 (8.1%) Coloureds. Of the patients, 10.9% had newly diagnosed hypertension, 20% had type 2 diabetes, and 38.1% mild, 32.1% moderate and 30.6% severe hypertension. The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in the sample weighted to the hypertensive population over the age of 35 years with access to medical aids was 18.9%. Relative to white ethnicity, black ethnicity (OR 2, p 5 0.03), and relative to mild hypertension, moderate (OR 2.2, p 5 0.05) and severe hypertension (OR 4.9, p < 0.0001) were independent predictors of left ventricular hypertrophy. The overall prevalence of micro- and macroalbuminuria in the weighted sample was 21.3 and 4.1%, respectively. In the diabetics the prevalence of microalbuminuria was 32.3% and macroalbuminuria 10.4%, respectively. The independent predictors of microalbuminuria or worse were severe hypertension (OR 2.9, p < 0.0001), type 2 diabetes (OR 2.5, p < 0.002), and Asian ethnic group (OR 2, p 5 0.02). Conclusions: The study, based on a convenience sample of hypertensives from private practices in South Africa showed that the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy and microalbuminuria or worse was 18.9 and 25.4%, respectively. | |
| dc.identifier.apacitation | Rayner, B., & Becker, P. (2006). The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa. <i>Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24597 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Rayner, Brian, and Piet Becker "The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa." <i>Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa</i> (2006) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24597 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | Rayner, B., & Becker, P. (2006). The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in south africa : Cardiovascular topics. Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, 17(5), p.245-249. | |
| dc.identifier.ris | TY - Journal Article AU - Rayner, Brian AU - Becker, Piet AB - Introduction: In South Africa a cluster of cardiovascular diseases accounts for 17% of all deaths. It is also predicted that South Africa will face an epidemic of chronic kidney disease due to obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. It is important to estimate the burden of underlying cardiovascular and renal disease in South Africa. Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to establish the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy by ECG criteria, and micro- and macroalbuminuria in mild, moderate and severe hypertensive groups. The secondary objective was to establish the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy and micro- and macroalbuminuria in hypertensive patients with underlying type 2 diabetes. Methods: Patients ≥ 35 years with essential hypertension with or without type 2 diabetes were recruited from 100 general practices throughout South Africa. BP, weight, height, waist circumference and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were measured, and an ECG was performed. The Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell criteria were used for estimation of left ventricular hypertrophy. An overall prevalence rate was determined using weights from the severity category distribution inside the study population. Results: One thousand and ninety-one patients were available for analysis. There were 530 (48.5%) males and 561 (51.5%) females, 691 (63.3%) whites, 162 (14.8%) blacks, 150 (13.7%) Asians and 88 (8.1%) Coloureds. Of the patients, 10.9% had newly diagnosed hypertension, 20% had type 2 diabetes, and 38.1% mild, 32.1% moderate and 30.6% severe hypertension. The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in the sample weighted to the hypertensive population over the age of 35 years with access to medical aids was 18.9%. Relative to white ethnicity, black ethnicity (OR 2, p 5 0.03), and relative to mild hypertension, moderate (OR 2.2, p 5 0.05) and severe hypertension (OR 4.9, p < 0.0001) were independent predictors of left ventricular hypertrophy. The overall prevalence of micro- and macroalbuminuria in the weighted sample was 21.3 and 4.1%, respectively. In the diabetics the prevalence of microalbuminuria was 32.3% and macroalbuminuria 10.4%, respectively. The independent predictors of microalbuminuria or worse were severe hypertension (OR 2.9, p < 0.0001), type 2 diabetes (OR 2.5, p < 0.002), and Asian ethnic group (OR 2, p 5 0.02). Conclusions: The study, based on a convenience sample of hypertensives from private practices in South Africa showed that the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy and microalbuminuria or worse was 18.9 and 25.4%, respectively. DA - 2006 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2006 T1 - The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa TI - The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24597 ER - | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24597 | |
| dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Rayner B, Becker P. The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa. Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa. 2006; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24597. | en_ZA |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher.department | Division of Cardiology | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Faculty of Health Sciences | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher.institution | University of Cape Town | |
| dc.source | Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa | |
| dc.source.uri | http://www.cvja.co.za/index.php | |
| dc.title | The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa | |
| dc.type | Journal Article | en_ZA |
| uct.type.filetype | Text | |
| uct.type.filetype | Image | |
| uct.type.publication | Research | en_ZA |
| uct.type.resource | Article | en_ZA |