What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorFujisawa, Marikoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKobayashi, Kazuhikoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorJohnston, Peteren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorNew, Marken_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-01-11T06:54:09Z
dc.date.available2016-01-11T06:54:09Z
dc.date.issued2015en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAgriculture is one of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. Farmers have been exposed to multiple stressors including climate change, and they have managed to adapt to those risks. The adaptation actions undertaken by farmers and their decision making are, however, only poorly understood. By studying adaptation practices undertaken by apple farmers in three regions: Nagano and Kazuno in Japan and Elgin in South Africa, we categorize the adaptation actions into two types: farmer initiated bottom-up adaptation and institution led top-down adaptation. We found that the driver which differentiates the type of adaptation likely adopted was strongly related to the farmers' characteristics, particularly their dependence on the institutions, e.g. the farmers' cooperative, in selling their products. The farmers who rely on the farmers' cooperative for their sales are likely to adopt the institution-led adaptation, whereas the farmers who have established their own sales channels tend to start innovative actions by bottom-up. We further argue that even though the two types have contrasting features, the combinations of the both types of adaptations could lead to more successful adaptation particularly in agriculture. This study also emphasizes that more farm-level studies for various crops and regions are warranted to provide substantial feedbacks to adaptation policy.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationFujisawa, M., Kobayashi, K., Johnston, P., & New, M. (2015). What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16288en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationFujisawa, Mariko, Kazuhiko Kobayashi, Peter Johnston, and Mark New "What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa." <i>PLoS One</i> (2015) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16288en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationFujisawa, M., Kobayashi, K., Johnston, P., & New, M. (2015). What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa. PloS one, 10(3), e0120563. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120563en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Fujisawa, Mariko AU - Kobayashi, Kazuhiko AU - Johnston, Peter AU - New, Mark AB - Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. Farmers have been exposed to multiple stressors including climate change, and they have managed to adapt to those risks. The adaptation actions undertaken by farmers and their decision making are, however, only poorly understood. By studying adaptation practices undertaken by apple farmers in three regions: Nagano and Kazuno in Japan and Elgin in South Africa, we categorize the adaptation actions into two types: farmer initiated bottom-up adaptation and institution led top-down adaptation. We found that the driver which differentiates the type of adaptation likely adopted was strongly related to the farmers' characteristics, particularly their dependence on the institutions, e.g. the farmers' cooperative, in selling their products. The farmers who rely on the farmers' cooperative for their sales are likely to adopt the institution-led adaptation, whereas the farmers who have established their own sales channels tend to start innovative actions by bottom-up. We further argue that even though the two types have contrasting features, the combinations of the both types of adaptations could lead to more successful adaptation particularly in agriculture. This study also emphasizes that more farm-level studies for various crops and regions are warranted to provide substantial feedbacks to adaptation policy. DA - 2015 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120563 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2015 T1 - What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa TI - What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16288 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120563en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/16288
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationFujisawa M, Kobayashi K, Johnston P, New M. What drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africa. PLoS One. 2015; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16288.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentAfrican Climate and Development Initiativeen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <a href=en_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2015 Fujisawa et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLoS Oneen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosoneen_ZA
dc.subject.otherFarmsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherApplesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherFruitsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherClimate changeen_ZA
dc.subject.otherPeachesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherJapanen_ZA
dc.subject.otherOrchardsen_ZA
dc.subject.otherPeach treesen_ZA
dc.titleWhat drives farmers to make top-down or bottom-up adaptation to climate change and fluctuations? A comparative study on 3 cases of apple farming in Japan and South Africaen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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