Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position

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dc.contributor.authorHeffernan, S M
dc.contributor.authorStebbings, G K
dc.contributor.authorKilduff, L P
dc.contributor.authorErskine, R M
dc.contributor.authorDay, S H
dc.contributor.authorMorse, C I
dc.contributor.authorMcPhee, J S
dc.contributor.authorCook, C J
dc.contributor.authorVance, B
dc.contributor.authorRibbans, W J
dc.contributor.authorRaleigh, S M
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, C
dc.contributor.authorBennett, M A
dc.contributor.authorWang, G
dc.contributor.authorCollins, M
dc.contributor.authorPitsiladis, Y P
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, A G
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T06:20:22Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T06:20:22Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background FTO gene variants have been associated with obesity phenotypes in sedentary and obese populations, but rarely with skeletal muscle and elite athlete phenotypes. Methods In 1089 participants, comprising 530 elite rugby athletes and 559 non-athletes, DNA was collected and genotyped for the FTO rs9939609 variant using real-time PCR. In a subgroup of non-resistance trained individuals (NT; n = 120), we also assessed structural and functional skeletal muscle phenotypes using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. In a subgroup of rugby athletes (n = 77), we assessed muscle power during a countermovement jump. Results In NT, TT genotype and T allele carriers had greater total body (4.8% and 4.1%) and total appendicular lean mass (LM; 3.0% and 2.1%) compared to AA genotype, with greater arm LM (0.8%) in T allele carriers and leg LM (2.1%) for TT, compared to AA genotype. Furthermore, the T allele was more common (94%) in selected elite rugby union athletes (back three and centre players) who are most reliant on LM rather than total body mass for success, compared to other rugby athletes (82%; P = 0.01, OR = 3.34) and controls (84%; P = 0.03, OR = 2.88). Accordingly, these athletes had greater peak power relative to body mass than other rugby athletes (14%; P = 2 x 10 -6 ). Conclusion Collectively, these results suggest that the T allele is associated with increased LM and elite athletic success. This has implications for athletic populations, as well as conditions characterised by low LM such as sarcopenia and cachexia.
dc.identifier.apacitationHeffernan, S. M., Stebbings, G. K., Kilduff, L. P., Erskine, R. M., Day, S. H., Morse, C. I., ... Williams, A. G. (2017). Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position. <i>BMC Genetics</i>, 18(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34261en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationHeffernan, S M, G K Stebbings, L P Kilduff, R M Erskine, S H Day, C I Morse, J S McPhee, et al "Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position." <i>BMC Genetics</i> 18, 1. (2017): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34261en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationHeffernan, S.M., Stebbings, G.K., Kilduff, L.P., Erskine, R.M., Day, S.H., Morse, C.I., McPhee, J.S. & Cook, C.J. et al. 2017. Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position. <i>BMC Genetics.</i> 18(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34261en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1471-2156
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Heffernan, S M AU - Stebbings, G K AU - Kilduff, L P AU - Erskine, R M AU - Day, S H AU - Morse, C I AU - McPhee, J S AU - Cook, C J AU - Vance, B AU - Ribbans, W J AU - Raleigh, S M AU - Roberts, C AU - Bennett, M A AU - Wang, G AU - Collins, M AU - Pitsiladis, Y P AU - Williams, A G AB - Abstract Background FTO gene variants have been associated with obesity phenotypes in sedentary and obese populations, but rarely with skeletal muscle and elite athlete phenotypes. Methods In 1089 participants, comprising 530 elite rugby athletes and 559 non-athletes, DNA was collected and genotyped for the FTO rs9939609 variant using real-time PCR. In a subgroup of non-resistance trained individuals (NT; n = 120), we also assessed structural and functional skeletal muscle phenotypes using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. In a subgroup of rugby athletes (n = 77), we assessed muscle power during a countermovement jump. Results In NT, TT genotype and T allele carriers had greater total body (4.8% and 4.1%) and total appendicular lean mass (LM; 3.0% and 2.1%) compared to AA genotype, with greater arm LM (0.8%) in T allele carriers and leg LM (2.1%) for TT, compared to AA genotype. Furthermore, the T allele was more common (94%) in selected elite rugby union athletes (back three and centre players) who are most reliant on LM rather than total body mass for success, compared to other rugby athletes (82%; P = 0.01, OR = 3.34) and controls (84%; P = 0.03, OR = 2.88). Accordingly, these athletes had greater peak power relative to body mass than other rugby athletes (14%; P = 2 x 10 -6 ). Conclusion Collectively, these results suggest that the T allele is associated with increased LM and elite athletic success. This has implications for athletic populations, as well as conditions characterised by low LM such as sarcopenia and cachexia. DA - 2017 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - BMC Genetics LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2017 SM - 1471-2156 T1 - Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position TI - Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34261 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34261
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationHeffernan SM, Stebbings GK, Kilduff LP, Erskine RM, Day SH, Morse CI, et al. Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position. BMC Genetics. 2017;18(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34261.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Human Biology
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceBMC Genetics
dc.source.journalissue1
dc.source.journalvolume18
dc.source.pagination174 - 177
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12863-017-0470-1
dc.subject.otherLife Sciences
dc.subject.othergeneral
dc.subject.otherAnimal Genetics and Genomics
dc.subject.otherMicrobial Genetics and Genomics
dc.subject.otherPlant Genetics
dc.subject.otherGenomics
dc.subject.otherGenetics and Population Dynamics
dc.subject.otherphenotype
dc.subject.othercachexia
dc.subject.othergenotyping
dc.subject.otherquantitative polymerase chain reaction
dc.subject.otherathletes
dc.subject.othermales
dc.subject.othergenotype
dc.subject.otherdual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
dc.subject.othermuscles
dc.subject.otherDNA
dc.subject.otherskeletal muscle
dc.subject.otherobesity
dc.subject.otheralleles
dc.subject.othersarcopenia
dc.titleFat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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