Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town

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dc.contributor.authorLevin, Michael
dc.contributor.authorMathema, Hlengani
dc.contributor.authorStinson, Kathryn
dc.contributor.authorJennings, Karen
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T07:17:58Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T07:17:58Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVES: To explore the acceptability and feasibility of routine HIV screening in children at primary healthcare clinics and ascertain the prevalence of previously undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24 month old children accessing curative and routine services. METHODS: A survey was conducted in 4 primary health clinics in the western sub-district of Cape Town. Rapid HIV screening of 17 - 24 month old children was performed for consenting caregiver-child pairs. Data on demographics, child health and antenatal history were collected using questionnaires. RESULTS: During recruitment, 358 children (72%) were tested for HIV infection. Most of the children (95.8%) were accompanied by a parent. The prevalence of reported HIV exposure among children was 21% (107/499). Of these, 3 had previously confirmed HIV infection; 1 was reportedly confirmed by a 6-week HIV test, and the other 2 probably contracted the virus via late post-partum transmission. The overall transmission rate was 3.5% (3/86) and the confirmed proportion of HIV-infected children was 0.8% (3/361). No previously unknown HIV infection was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission are effective, but at-risk infants who test negative at 6 weeks should be monitored for subsequent seroconversion. Parents of HIV-exposed infants are more likely to permit (re)testing of their infants than those whose offspring are not at risk. Routine HIV testing of children is feasible and acceptable at primary level, but may require additional resources to achieve universal coverage. Routine screening at an earlier age may detect previously undiagnosed HIV infection.
dc.identifier.apacitationLevin, M., Mathema, H., Stinson, K., & Jennings, K. (2012). Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town. <i>South African Medical Journal</i>, 102(4), 245 - 258. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34874en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationLevin, Michael, Hlengani Mathema, Kathryn Stinson, and Karen Jennings "Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town." <i>South African Medical Journal</i> 102, 4. (2012): 245 - 258. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34874en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationLevin, M., Mathema, H., Stinson, K. & Jennings, K. 2012. Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town. <i>South African Medical Journal.</i> 102(4):245 - 258. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34874en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn0038-2469
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Levin, Michael AU - Mathema, Hlengani AU - Stinson, Kathryn AU - Jennings, Karen AB - OBJECTIVES: To explore the acceptability and feasibility of routine HIV screening in children at primary healthcare clinics and ascertain the prevalence of previously undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24 month old children accessing curative and routine services. METHODS: A survey was conducted in 4 primary health clinics in the western sub-district of Cape Town. Rapid HIV screening of 17 - 24 month old children was performed for consenting caregiver-child pairs. Data on demographics, child health and antenatal history were collected using questionnaires. RESULTS: During recruitment, 358 children (72%) were tested for HIV infection. Most of the children (95.8%) were accompanied by a parent. The prevalence of reported HIV exposure among children was 21% (107/499). Of these, 3 had previously confirmed HIV infection; 1 was reportedly confirmed by a 6-week HIV test, and the other 2 probably contracted the virus via late post-partum transmission. The overall transmission rate was 3.5% (3/86) and the confirmed proportion of HIV-infected children was 0.8% (3/361). No previously unknown HIV infection was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission are effective, but at-risk infants who test negative at 6 weeks should be monitored for subsequent seroconversion. Parents of HIV-exposed infants are more likely to permit (re)testing of their infants than those whose offspring are not at risk. Routine HIV testing of children is feasible and acceptable at primary level, but may require additional resources to achieve universal coverage. Routine screening at an earlier age may detect previously undiagnosed HIV infection. DA - 2012 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 4 J1 - South African Medical Journal LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2012 SM - 0038-2469 T1 - Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town TI - Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34874 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34874
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationLevin M, Mathema H, Stinson K, Jennings K. Acceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town. South African Medical Journal. 2012;102(4):245 - 258. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34874.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceSouth African Medical Journal
dc.source.journalissue4
dc.source.journalvolume102
dc.source.pagination245 - 258
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.5314
dc.subject.otherChild, Preschool
dc.subject.otherFeasibility Studies
dc.subject.otherFemale
dc.subject.otherHIV Infections
dc.subject.otherHIV Seropositivity
dc.subject.otherHumans
dc.subject.otherInfant
dc.subject.otherInfectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
dc.subject.otherMass Screening
dc.subject.otherPatient Acceptance of Health Care
dc.subject.otherPregnancy
dc.subject.otherPregnancy Complications, Infectious
dc.subject.otherPrevalence
dc.subject.otherSouth Africa
dc.titleAcceptability, feasibility and impact of routine screening to detect undiagnosed HIV infection in 17 - 24-month-old children in the western sub-district of Cape Town
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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