The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process

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dc.contributor.advisorEkama, George Aen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKaschula, Wendy Aen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-17T07:25:23Z
dc.date.available2014-10-17T07:25:23Z
dc.date.issued1993en_ZA
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliography.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractPhosphate is an essential nutrient for photosynthetic plant growth. However if over-supplied in a water body, it leads to excessive algal growth, a condition is termed eutrophication. Eutrophication is not only unsightly, but renders the water less usable. Most of the highly eutrophied water bodies with a high phosphorus load still receive up to 90 of their phosphorus input from effluents discharged by sewage treatment works (Pretorius, 1983). The phosphorus content of domestic sewage originates from two main sources, namely human waste {±60) and detergents {±40) (Heynike and Wiechers, 1986). There is an argument for a ban on phosphate in detergents to reduce the phosphate load on sewage treatment plants and thereby limit phosphate discharges via treated municipal effluent. The removal of phosphate from detergent formulations has been an effective way in many countries of reducing the phosphorous load to receiving waters. In South Africa, detergent manufacturers are anticipating consumer pressure to reformulate their detergent products to eliminate phosphate. The two possible replacements for phosphates are zeolite 4A and high surface area {HSA) calcite. High surface area (SA) calcite is not yet being used as a detergent builder, but is being seriously considered as a potential replacement for phosphate in South African detergent formulations.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationKaschula, W. A. (1993). <i>The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Department of Civil Engineering. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8454en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationKaschula, Wendy A. <i>"The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Department of Civil Engineering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8454en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationKaschula, W. 1993. The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Kaschula, Wendy A AB - Phosphate is an essential nutrient for photosynthetic plant growth. However if over-supplied in a water body, it leads to excessive algal growth, a condition is termed eutrophication. Eutrophication is not only unsightly, but renders the water less usable. Most of the highly eutrophied water bodies with a high phosphorus load still receive up to 90 of their phosphorus input from effluents discharged by sewage treatment works (Pretorius, 1983). The phosphorus content of domestic sewage originates from two main sources, namely human waste {±60) and detergents {±40) (Heynike and Wiechers, 1986). There is an argument for a ban on phosphate in detergents to reduce the phosphate load on sewage treatment plants and thereby limit phosphate discharges via treated municipal effluent. The removal of phosphate from detergent formulations has been an effective way in many countries of reducing the phosphorous load to receiving waters. In South Africa, detergent manufacturers are anticipating consumer pressure to reformulate their detergent products to eliminate phosphate. The two possible replacements for phosphates are zeolite 4A and high surface area {HSA) calcite. High surface area (SA) calcite is not yet being used as a detergent builder, but is being seriously considered as a potential replacement for phosphate in South African detergent formulations. DA - 1993 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 1993 T1 - The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process TI - The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8454 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/8454
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationKaschula WA. The effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment process. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Department of Civil Engineering, 1993 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8454en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Civil Engineeringen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Engineering and the Built Environment
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherCivil Engineeringen_ZA
dc.titleThe effect of alternative detergent builders on the nutrient removal activated sludge sewage treatment processen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMScen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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