Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean

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dc.contributor.authorBranch, Trevor A
dc.contributor.authorStafford, K M
dc.contributor.authorPalacios, D M
dc.contributor.authorAllison, C
dc.contributor.authorBannister, J L
dc.contributor.authorBurton, C L K
dc.contributor.authorCabrera, E
dc.contributor.authorCarlson, C A
dc.contributor.authorGalletti Vernazzani, B
dc.contributor.authorGill, P C
dc.contributor.authorHucke-Gaete, R
dc.contributor.authorJenner, K C S
dc.contributor.authorJenner, M N M
dc.contributor.authorMatsuoka, K
dc.contributor.authorMikhalev, Y A
dc.contributor.authorMiyashita, T
dc.contributor.authorMorrice, M G
dc.contributor.authorNishiwaki, S
dc.contributor.authorSturrock, V J
dc.contributor.authorTormosov, D
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, R C
dc.contributor.authorBaker, A N
dc.contributor.authorBest, P D
dc.contributor.authorBorsa, P
dc.contributor.authorBrownell Jr, R I
dc.contributor.authorChilderhouse, S
dc.contributor.authorFindlay, K P
dc.contributor.authorGerrodette, T
dc.contributor.authorIlangakoon, A D
dc.contributor.authorJoergensen, M
dc.contributor.authorKahn, B
dc.contributor.authorLjungblad, D K
dc.contributor.authorMaughan, B
dc.contributor.authorMccauley, R D
dc.contributor.authorMckay, S
dc.contributor.authorNorris, T F
dc.contributor.authorOman Whale and Dolphin Research Group
dc.contributor.authorRankin, S
dc.contributor.authorSamaran, F
dc.contributor.authorThiele, D
dc.contributor.authorvan Waerebeek, K
dc.contributor.authorWarneke, R M
dc.date.accessioned2016-02-26T13:00:06Z
dc.date.available2016-02-26T13:00:06Z
dc.date.issued2007
dc.date.updated2016-02-24T14:12:27Z
dc.description.abstract1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtained from catches (303 239), sightings (4383 records of 8058 whales), strandings (103), Discovery marks (2191) and recoveries (95), and acoustic recordings. 2. Sighting surveys included 7 480 450 km of effort plus 14 676 days with unmeasured effort. Groups usually consisted of solitary whales (65.2%) or pairs (24.6%); larger feeding aggregations of unassociated individuals were only rarely observed. Sighting rates (groups per 1000 km from many platform types) varied by four orders of magnitude and were lowest in the waters of Brazil, South Africa, the eastern tropical Pacific, Antarctica and South Georgia; higher in the Subantarctic and Peru; and highest around Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Chile, southern Australia and south of Madagascar. 3. Blue whales avoid the oligotrophic central gyres of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, but are more common where phytoplankton densities are high, and where there are dynamic oceanographic processes like upwelling and frontal meandering. 4. Compared with historical catches, the Antarctic (‘true’) subspecies is exceedingly rare and usually concentrated closer to the summer pack ice. In summer they are found throughout the Antarctic; in winter they migrate to southern Africa (although recent sightings there are rare) and to other northerly locations (based on acoustics), although some overwinter in the Antarctic. 5. Pygmy blue whales are found around the Indian Ocean and from southern Australia to New Zealand. At least four groupings are evident: northern Indian Ocean, from Madagascar to the Subantarctic, Indonesia to western and southern Australia, and from New Zealand northwards to the equator. Sighting rates are typically much higher than for Antarctic blue whales.en_ZA
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2907.2007.00106.x
dc.identifier.apacitationBranch, T. A., Stafford, K. M., Palacios, D. M., Allison, C., Bannister, J. L., Burton, C. L. K., ... Warneke, R. M. (2007). Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean. <i>Mammal Review</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17298en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationBranch, Trevor A, K M Stafford, D M Palacios, C Allison, J L Bannister, C L K Burton, E Cabrera, et al "Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean." <i>Mammal Review</i> (2007) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17298en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationBranch, T. A., Stafford, K. M., Palacios, D. M., Allison, C., Bannister, J. L., Burton, C. L. K., ... & Warneke, R. M. (2007). Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean. Mammal Review, 37(2), 116-175.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issnMammal Reven_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Branch, Trevor A AU - Stafford, K M AU - Palacios, D M AU - Allison, C AU - Bannister, J L AU - Burton, C L K AU - Cabrera, E AU - Carlson, C A AU - Galletti Vernazzani, B AU - Gill, P C AU - Hucke-Gaete, R AU - Jenner, K C S AU - Jenner, M N M AU - Matsuoka, K AU - Mikhalev, Y A AU - Miyashita, T AU - Morrice, M G AU - Nishiwaki, S AU - Sturrock, V J AU - Tormosov, D AU - Anderson, R C AU - Baker, A N AU - Best, P D AU - Borsa, P AU - Brownell Jr, R I AU - Childerhouse, S AU - Findlay, K P AU - Gerrodette, T AU - Ilangakoon, A D AU - Joergensen, M AU - Kahn, B AU - Ljungblad, D K AU - Maughan, B AU - Mccauley, R D AU - Mckay, S AU - Norris, T F AU - Oman Whale and Dolphin Research Group AU - Rankin, S AU - Samaran, F AU - Thiele, D AU - van Waerebeek, K AU - Warneke, R M AB - 1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtained from catches (303 239), sightings (4383 records of 8058 whales), strandings (103), Discovery marks (2191) and recoveries (95), and acoustic recordings. 2. Sighting surveys included 7 480 450 km of effort plus 14 676 days with unmeasured effort. Groups usually consisted of solitary whales (65.2%) or pairs (24.6%); larger feeding aggregations of unassociated individuals were only rarely observed. Sighting rates (groups per 1000 km from many platform types) varied by four orders of magnitude and were lowest in the waters of Brazil, South Africa, the eastern tropical Pacific, Antarctica and South Georgia; higher in the Subantarctic and Peru; and highest around Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Chile, southern Australia and south of Madagascar. 3. Blue whales avoid the oligotrophic central gyres of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, but are more common where phytoplankton densities are high, and where there are dynamic oceanographic processes like upwelling and frontal meandering. 4. Compared with historical catches, the Antarctic (‘true’) subspecies is exceedingly rare and usually concentrated closer to the summer pack ice. In summer they are found throughout the Antarctic; in winter they migrate to southern Africa (although recent sightings there are rare) and to other northerly locations (based on acoustics), although some overwinter in the Antarctic. 5. Pygmy blue whales are found around the Indian Ocean and from southern Australia to New Zealand. At least four groupings are evident: northern Indian Ocean, from Madagascar to the Subantarctic, Indonesia to western and southern Australia, and from New Zealand northwards to the equator. Sighting rates are typically much higher than for Antarctic blue whales. DA - 2007 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Mammal Review LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2007 SM - Mammal Rev T1 - Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean TI - Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17298 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/17298
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationBranch TA, Stafford KM, Palacios DM, Allison C, Bannister JL, Burton CLK, et al. Past and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean. Mammal Review. 2007; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17298.en_ZA
dc.languageengen_ZA
dc.publisherWileyen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentMarine Resource Assessment and Management Groupen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.sourceMammal Reviewen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2907
dc.subject.otherAntarctic blue whales
dc.subject.otherBalaenoptera musculus brevicauda
dc.subject.otherBalaenoptera musculus indica
dc.titlePast and present distribution, densities and movements of blue whales Balaenoptera musculus in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Oceanen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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