Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.contributor.advisorKengne, Andre Pascal
dc.contributor.authorNzeale, Jean Jacques Noubiap
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-20T09:38:01Z
dc.date.available2020-02-20T09:38:01Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.date.updated2020-02-14T08:10:10Z
dc.description.abstractBackground The burden of dyslipidaemia in Africa remains inadequately characterised. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in African adults from hospital-based and community-based studies. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and African Index Medicus for studies published between Jan 1, 1980, and July 31, 2017, without language restriction. We assessed methodological quality of all crosssectional studies reporting on the prevalence of elevated concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, or triglycerides, or low concentrations of HDL cholesterol in adults residing in African countries. We excluded reports on Africans living outside Africa, studies of individuals selected on the basis of existing dyslipidaemia or those including children and adolescents, and case series with a small sample size. The most frequently used cutoffs in the included studies were chosen for the subgroup analysis. We used random-effect model meta-analysis to derive the pooled prevalence of elevated total cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, elevated LDL cholesterol, and elevated triglyceride concentrations. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42014015376. Findings 177 studies (294063 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia in the general population from population-based studies was 25·5% (95% CI 20·0– 31·4) for elevated concentrations of total cholesterol with a cutoff of at least 5·2 mmol/L, 37·4% (29·4–45·7) for low concentrations of HDL cholesterol with a cutoff of less than 1·0 mmol/L, 28·6% (15·8–43·5) for elevated concentrations of LDL cholesterol with a cutoff of at least 3·3 mmol/L, and 17·0% (11·9–22·7) for elevated concentrations of triglycerides with a cutoff of at least 1·7 mmol/L. Interpretation The prevalence of dyslipidaemia is high in the general adult population in Africa. Ongoing efforts to reduce cardiovascular diseases in Africa should integrate effective detection and treatment of dyslipidaemia.
dc.identifier.apacitationNzeale, J. J. N. (2019). <i>Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis</i>. (). ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Medicine. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31183en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationNzeale, Jean Jacques Noubiap. <i>"Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis."</i> ., ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Medicine, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31183en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationNzeale, J. 2019. Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Nzeale, Jean Jacques Noubiap AB - Background The burden of dyslipidaemia in Africa remains inadequately characterised. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in African adults from hospital-based and community-based studies. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, African Journals Online, and African Index Medicus for studies published between Jan 1, 1980, and July 31, 2017, without language restriction. We assessed methodological quality of all crosssectional studies reporting on the prevalence of elevated concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, or triglycerides, or low concentrations of HDL cholesterol in adults residing in African countries. We excluded reports on Africans living outside Africa, studies of individuals selected on the basis of existing dyslipidaemia or those including children and adolescents, and case series with a small sample size. The most frequently used cutoffs in the included studies were chosen for the subgroup analysis. We used random-effect model meta-analysis to derive the pooled prevalence of elevated total cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, elevated LDL cholesterol, and elevated triglyceride concentrations. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42014015376. Findings 177 studies (294063 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of dyslipidaemia in the general population from population-based studies was 25·5% (95% CI 20·0– 31·4) for elevated concentrations of total cholesterol with a cutoff of at least 5·2 mmol/L, 37·4% (29·4–45·7) for low concentrations of HDL cholesterol with a cutoff of less than 1·0 mmol/L, 28·6% (15·8–43·5) for elevated concentrations of LDL cholesterol with a cutoff of at least 3·3 mmol/L, and 17·0% (11·9–22·7) for elevated concentrations of triglycerides with a cutoff of at least 1·7 mmol/L. Interpretation The prevalence of dyslipidaemia is high in the general adult population in Africa. Ongoing efforts to reduce cardiovascular diseases in Africa should integrate effective detection and treatment of dyslipidaemia. DA - 2019 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - Internal Medicine LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2019 T1 - Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis TI - Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31183 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/31183
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationNzeale JJN. Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. []. ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Medicine, 2019 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31183en_ZA
dc.language.rfc3066eng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Medicine
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.subjectInternal Medicine
dc.titlePrevalence of dyslipidaemia among adults in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMMed
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