Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines
| dc.contributor.advisor | Fuls, Wim | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ross, Michael Anthony Jared | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-04-17T13:31:47Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-04-17T13:31:47Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2023-04-17T13:31:28Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | With the desire for conventional coal-fired power plants to perform flexible operations, the impact of this operation has become important to the field of steam turbine modelling. This study sought to develop a computationally inexpensive turbine model with minimal OEM intervention in order to predict the internal clearances of high-pressure and intermediate-pressure turbines from Eskom's current turbine fleet. The study saw the utilisation of the Nozzle Analogy theory to develop a 1D multistage turbine thermofluid model as well as the development of a representative 1D turbine process model in order to predict the internal temperature gradients promoted within a steam turbine during transient operation. From this model a further 3D FEA turbine model of both the HP and IP turbine units were developed from simple turbine diagrams to apply the predicted temperature boundaries and predict the thermal and structural response of turbine components during transient loading during a full Cold Start procedure. The result of this study was the successful validation of the 1D and 3D Turbine models against plant data from the candidate unit. This was in the form of known process data of unit performance, as well as thermocouple and differential expansion data taken from sensors housed on the turbine unit itself. Through the validation of these parameters, various calibrations techniques were developed over the course of the study with these techniques allowing investigators to gain insight into turbine aging, operator intervention as well as brought turbine component response. The successful establishment of the paired turbine model allowed investigators to evaluate the cold clearances defined during construction and maintenance of these turbine units in industry, which contributes greatly to the availability and efficiency of the unit during these transient operations. Additionally, the establishment of this model allowed for the investigation of the role that start up speed has on turbine component response. This study demonstrated that the development of such a modelling methodology was possible and yielded results with were accurate and insightful in understanding turbine component responses which are otherwise impossible to measure during real-world operation. | |
| dc.identifier.apacitation | Ross, M. A. J. (2022). <i>Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines</i>. (). ,Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment ,Department of Mechanical Engineering. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37752 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Ross, Michael Anthony Jared. <i>"Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines."</i> ., ,Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment ,Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37752 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ross, M.A.J. 2022. Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines. . ,Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment ,Department of Mechanical Engineering. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37752 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.ris | TY - Master Thesis AU - Ross, Michael Anthony Jared AB - With the desire for conventional coal-fired power plants to perform flexible operations, the impact of this operation has become important to the field of steam turbine modelling. This study sought to develop a computationally inexpensive turbine model with minimal OEM intervention in order to predict the internal clearances of high-pressure and intermediate-pressure turbines from Eskom's current turbine fleet. The study saw the utilisation of the Nozzle Analogy theory to develop a 1D multistage turbine thermofluid model as well as the development of a representative 1D turbine process model in order to predict the internal temperature gradients promoted within a steam turbine during transient operation. From this model a further 3D FEA turbine model of both the HP and IP turbine units were developed from simple turbine diagrams to apply the predicted temperature boundaries and predict the thermal and structural response of turbine components during transient loading during a full Cold Start procedure. The result of this study was the successful validation of the 1D and 3D Turbine models against plant data from the candidate unit. This was in the form of known process data of unit performance, as well as thermocouple and differential expansion data taken from sensors housed on the turbine unit itself. Through the validation of these parameters, various calibrations techniques were developed over the course of the study with these techniques allowing investigators to gain insight into turbine aging, operator intervention as well as brought turbine component response. The successful establishment of the paired turbine model allowed investigators to evaluate the cold clearances defined during construction and maintenance of these turbine units in industry, which contributes greatly to the availability and efficiency of the unit during these transient operations. Additionally, the establishment of this model allowed for the investigation of the role that start up speed has on turbine component response. This study demonstrated that the development of such a modelling methodology was possible and yielded results with were accurate and insightful in understanding turbine component responses which are otherwise impossible to measure during real-world operation. DA - 2022 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - turbine modelling KW - thermal expansion KW - clearances KW - turbine start-up KW - finite element analysis KW - process modelling LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2022 T1 - Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines TI - Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37752 ER - | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37752 | |
| dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Ross MAJ. Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines. []. ,Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment ,Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2022 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37752 | en_ZA |
| dc.language.rfc3066 | eng | |
| dc.publisher.department | Department of Mechanical Engineering | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment | |
| dc.subject | turbine modelling | |
| dc.subject | thermal expansion | |
| dc.subject | clearances | |
| dc.subject | turbine start-up | |
| dc.subject | finite element analysis | |
| dc.subject | process modelling | |
| dc.title | Dynamic clearance modelling of steam turbines | |
| dc.type | Master Thesis | |
| dc.type.qualificationlevel | Masters | |
| dc.type.qualificationlevel | MSc |