Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda

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dc.contributor.authorUmutesi, Justine
dc.contributor.authorSimmons, Bryony
dc.contributor.authorMakuza, Jean D
dc.contributor.authorDushimiyimana, Donatha
dc.contributor.authorMbituyumuremyi, Aimable
dc.contributor.authorUwimana, Jean Marie
dc.contributor.authorFord, Nathan
dc.contributor.authorMills, Edward J
dc.contributor.authorNsanzimana, Sabin
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T06:20:31Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T06:20:31Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The burden of these co-infections in sub-Saharan Africa is still unclear. We estimated the prevalence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (HCVAb) among HIV-infected individuals in Rwanda and identified factors associated with infection. METHODS: Between January 2016 and June 2016, we performed systematic screening for HBsAg and HCVAb among HIV-positive individuals enrolled at public and private HIV facilities across Rwanda. Results were analyzed to determine marker prevalence and variability by demographic factors. RESULTS: Overall, among 117,258 individuals tested, the prevalence of HBsAg and HCVAb was 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] (4.2-4.4) and 4.6% (95% CI 4.5-4.7) respectively; 182 (0.2%) HIV+ individuals were co-infected with HBsAg and HCVAb. Prevalence was higher in males (HBsAg, 5.4% [5.1-5.6] vs. 3.7% [3.5-3.8]; HCVAb, 5.0% [4.8-5.2] vs. 4.4% [4.3-4.6]) and increased with age; HCVAb prevalence was significantly higher in people aged ≥65 years (17.8% [16.4-19.2]). Prevalence varied geographically. CONCLUSION: HBV and HCV co-infections are common among HIV-infected individuals in Rwanda. It is important that viral hepatitis prevention and treatment activities are scaled-up to control further transmission and reduce the burden in this population. Particular efforts should be made to conduct targeted screening of males and the older population. Further assessment is required to determine rates of HBV and HCV chronicity among HIV-infected individuals and identify effective strategies to link individuals to care and treatment.
dc.identifier.apacitationUmutesi, J., Simmons, B., Makuza, J. D., Dushimiyimana, D., Mbituyumuremyi, A., Uwimana, J. M., ... Nsanzimana, S. (2017). Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda. <i>BMC Infectious Diseases</i>, 17(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34294en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationUmutesi, Justine, Bryony Simmons, Jean D Makuza, Donatha Dushimiyimana, Aimable Mbituyumuremyi, Jean Marie Uwimana, Nathan Ford, Edward J Mills, and Sabin Nsanzimana "Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda." <i>BMC Infectious Diseases</i> 17, 1. (2017): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34294en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationUmutesi, J., Simmons, B., Makuza, J.D., Dushimiyimana, D., Mbituyumuremyi, A., Uwimana, J.M., Ford, N. & Mills, E.J. et al. 2017. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda. <i>BMC Infectious Diseases.</i> 17(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34294en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1471-2334
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Umutesi, Justine AU - Simmons, Bryony AU - Makuza, Jean D AU - Dushimiyimana, Donatha AU - Mbituyumuremyi, Aimable AU - Uwimana, Jean Marie AU - Ford, Nathan AU - Mills, Edward J AU - Nsanzimana, Sabin AB - BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The burden of these co-infections in sub-Saharan Africa is still unclear. We estimated the prevalence of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (HCVAb) among HIV-infected individuals in Rwanda and identified factors associated with infection. METHODS: Between January 2016 and June 2016, we performed systematic screening for HBsAg and HCVAb among HIV-positive individuals enrolled at public and private HIV facilities across Rwanda. Results were analyzed to determine marker prevalence and variability by demographic factors. RESULTS: Overall, among 117,258 individuals tested, the prevalence of HBsAg and HCVAb was 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] (4.2-4.4) and 4.6% (95% CI 4.5-4.7) respectively; 182 (0.2%) HIV+ individuals were co-infected with HBsAg and HCVAb. Prevalence was higher in males (HBsAg, 5.4% [5.1-5.6] vs. 3.7% [3.5-3.8]; HCVAb, 5.0% [4.8-5.2] vs. 4.4% [4.3-4.6]) and increased with age; HCVAb prevalence was significantly higher in people aged ≥65 years (17.8% [16.4-19.2]). Prevalence varied geographically. CONCLUSION: HBV and HCV co-infections are common among HIV-infected individuals in Rwanda. It is important that viral hepatitis prevention and treatment activities are scaled-up to control further transmission and reduce the burden in this population. Particular efforts should be made to conduct targeted screening of males and the older population. Further assessment is required to determine rates of HBV and HCV chronicity among HIV-infected individuals and identify effective strategies to link individuals to care and treatment. DA - 2017 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - BMC Infectious Diseases LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2017 SM - 1471-2334 T1 - Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda TI - Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34294 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34294
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationUmutesi J, Simmons B, Makuza JD, Dushimiyimana D, Mbituyumuremyi A, Uwimana JM, et al. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2017;17(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34294.en_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentCentre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceBMC Infectious Diseases
dc.source.journalissue1
dc.source.journalvolume17
dc.source.pagination174 - 177
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2422-9
dc.subject.otherCo-infection
dc.subject.otherHIV
dc.subject.otherHepatitis
dc.subject.otherPrevalence
dc.subject.otherAdolescent
dc.subject.otherAdult
dc.subject.otherAged
dc.subject.otherCoinfection
dc.subject.otherFemale
dc.subject.otherHIV Infections
dc.subject.otherHIV Seropositivity
dc.subject.otherHepatitis B
dc.subject.otherHepatitis B Surface Antigens
dc.subject.otherHepatitis C Antibodies
dc.subject.otherHumans
dc.subject.otherMale
dc.subject.otherMiddle Aged
dc.subject.otherRwanda
dc.subject.otherYoung Adult
dc.titlePrevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in persons living with HIV enrolled in care in Rwanda
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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