Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility?

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dc.contributor.authorCarstens, Madelaineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGoedecke, Juliaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDugas, Laraen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEvans, Julieten_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKroff, Jacoleneen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLevitt, Naomien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLambert, Estelleen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-23T11:37:58Z
dc.date.available2015-11-23T11:37:58Z
dc.date.issued2013en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Metabolic flexibility described as "the capacity of the body to match fuel oxidation to fuel availability" has been implicated in insulin resistance. We examined fasting substrate oxidation in relation to dietary macronutrient intake, and markers of insulin resistance in otherwise healthy women, with and without a family history of diabetes mellitus (FH DM). METHODS: We measured body composition (dual x-ray absorptiometry), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (VAT, SAT, using Computerised Tomography), fasting [glucose], [insulin], [free fatty acids], [blood lipids], insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio(RER) and self-reported physical activity in a convenience sample of 180 women (18-45 yrs). A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess energy intake (EI) and calculate the RER: Food Quotient (FQ) ratio. Only those with EI:REE (1.05 -2.28) were included (N=140). Insulin resistance was defined HOMA-IR (>1.95). RESULTS: The Insulin Resistant (IR) group had higher energy, carbohydrate and protein intakes (p<0.05) and lower PA levels than Insulin Sensitive (IS) group (P<0.001), but there were no differences in RER or RER:FQ between groups. However, nearly 50% of the variance in HOMA-IR was explained by age, body fat %, VAT, RER:FQ and FH DM (adjusted R2=0.50, p<0.0001). Insulin-resistant women, and those with FH DM had a higher RER:FQ than their counterparts (p<0.01), independent of body fat % or distribution. CONCLUSION: In these apparently healthy, weight-stable women, insulin resistance and FH DM were associated with lower fat oxidation in relation to dietary fat intake, suggesting lower metabolic flexibility.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationCarstens, M., Goedecke, J., Dugas, L., Evans, J., Kroff, J., Levitt, N., & Lambert, E. (2013). Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility?. <i>Nutrition & Metabolism</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15221en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationCarstens, Madelaine, Julia Goedecke, Lara Dugas, Juliet Evans, Jacolene Kroff, Naomi Levitt, and Estelle Lambert "Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility?." <i>Nutrition & Metabolism</i> (2013) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15221en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationCarstens, M. T., Goedecke, J. H., Dugas, L., Evans, J., Kroff, J., Levitt, N. S., & Lambert, E. V. (2013). Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility. Nutr Metab (Lond), 10(8).en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Carstens, Madelaine AU - Goedecke, Julia AU - Dugas, Lara AU - Evans, Juliet AU - Kroff, Jacolene AU - Levitt, Naomi AU - Lambert, Estelle AB - BACKGROUND: Metabolic flexibility described as "the capacity of the body to match fuel oxidation to fuel availability" has been implicated in insulin resistance. We examined fasting substrate oxidation in relation to dietary macronutrient intake, and markers of insulin resistance in otherwise healthy women, with and without a family history of diabetes mellitus (FH DM). METHODS: We measured body composition (dual x-ray absorptiometry), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (VAT, SAT, using Computerised Tomography), fasting [glucose], [insulin], [free fatty acids], [blood lipids], insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio(RER) and self-reported physical activity in a convenience sample of 180 women (18-45 yrs). A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess energy intake (EI) and calculate the RER: Food Quotient (FQ) ratio. Only those with EI:REE (1.05 -2.28) were included (N=140). Insulin resistance was defined HOMA-IR (>1.95). RESULTS: The Insulin Resistant (IR) group had higher energy, carbohydrate and protein intakes (p<0.05) and lower PA levels than Insulin Sensitive (IS) group (P<0.001), but there were no differences in RER or RER:FQ between groups. However, nearly 50% of the variance in HOMA-IR was explained by age, body fat %, VAT, RER:FQ and FH DM (adjusted R2=0.50, p<0.0001). Insulin-resistant women, and those with FH DM had a higher RER:FQ than their counterparts (p<0.01), independent of body fat % or distribution. CONCLUSION: In these apparently healthy, weight-stable women, insulin resistance and FH DM were associated with lower fat oxidation in relation to dietary fat intake, suggesting lower metabolic flexibility. DA - 2013 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/1743-7075-10-8 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Nutrition & Metabolism LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2013 T1 - Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility? TI - Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility? UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15221 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/15221
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-10-8
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationCarstens M, Goedecke J, Dugas L, Evans J, Kroff J, Levitt N, et al. Fasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility?. Nutrition & Metabolism. 2013; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15221.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentMRC/UCT RU for Exercise and Sport Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holderCarstens et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceNutrition & Metabolismen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://nutritionandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherHOMA-IRen_ZA
dc.subject.otherInsulin-sensitivityen_ZA
dc.subject.otherDietaryen_ZA
dc.subject.otherfat intakeen_ZA
dc.titleFasting substrate oxidation in relation to habitual dietary fat intake and insulin resistance in non-diabetic women: a case for metabolic flexibility?en_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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