The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck

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dc.contributor.authorDorfman, Jeffrey R
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T07:15:59Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T07:15:59Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractIt is well established that most new systemic infections of HIV-1 can be traced back to one or a limited number of founder viruses. Usually, these founders are more closely related to minor HIV-1 populations in the blood of the presumed donor than to more abundant lineages. This has led to the widely accepted idea that transmission selects for viral characteristics that facilitate crossing the mucosal barrier of the recipient's genital tract, although the specific selective forces or advantages are not completely defined. However, there are other steps along the way to becoming a founder virus at which selection may occur. These steps include the transition from the donor's general circulation to the genital tract compartment, survival within the transmission fluid, and establishment of a nascent stable local infection in the recipient's genital tract. Finally, there is the possibility that important narrowing events may also occur during establishment of systemic infection. This is suggested by the surprising observation that the number of founder viruses detected after transmission in intravenous drug users is also limited. Although some of these steps may be heavily selective, others may result mostly in a stochastic narrowing of the available founder pool. Collectively, they shape the initial infection in each recipient.
dc.identifier.apacitationDorfman, J. R. (2017). The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck. <i>Retrovirology</i>, 14(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34739en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationDorfman, Jeffrey R "The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck." <i>Retrovirology</i> 14, 1. (2017): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34739en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationDorfman, J.R. 2017. The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck. <i>Retrovirology.</i> 14(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34739en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1742-4690
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Dorfman, Jeffrey R AB - It is well established that most new systemic infections of HIV-1 can be traced back to one or a limited number of founder viruses. Usually, these founders are more closely related to minor HIV-1 populations in the blood of the presumed donor than to more abundant lineages. This has led to the widely accepted idea that transmission selects for viral characteristics that facilitate crossing the mucosal barrier of the recipient's genital tract, although the specific selective forces or advantages are not completely defined. However, there are other steps along the way to becoming a founder virus at which selection may occur. These steps include the transition from the donor's general circulation to the genital tract compartment, survival within the transmission fluid, and establishment of a nascent stable local infection in the recipient's genital tract. Finally, there is the possibility that important narrowing events may also occur during establishment of systemic infection. This is suggested by the surprising observation that the number of founder viruses detected after transmission in intravenous drug users is also limited. Although some of these steps may be heavily selective, others may result mostly in a stochastic narrowing of the available founder pool. Collectively, they shape the initial infection in each recipient. DA - 2017 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - Retrovirology LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2017 SM - 1742-4690 T1 - The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck TI - The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34739 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34739
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationDorfman JR. The HIV-1 transmission bottleneck. Retrovirology. 2017;14(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34739.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Immunology
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceRetrovirology
dc.source.journalissue1
dc.source.journalvolume14
dc.source.pagination174 - 177
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12977-017-0343-8
dc.subject.otherBottleneck
dc.subject.otherGenital mucosa
dc.subject.otherHIV-1
dc.subject.otherIntravenous drug user
dc.subject.otherTransmission
dc.subject.otherDisease Transmission, Infectious
dc.subject.otherFemale
dc.subject.otherHIV
dc.subject.otherHIV Infections
dc.subject.otherHost-Pathogen Interactions
dc.subject.otherHumans
dc.subject.otherMale
dc.subject.otherSelection, Genetic
dc.titleThe HIV-1 transmission bottleneck
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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