SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorLambarey, Humaira
dc.contributor.authorBlumenthal, Melissa J
dc.contributor.authorChetram, Abeen
dc.contributor.authorJoyimbana, Wendy
dc.contributor.authorJennings, Lauren
dc.contributor.authorTincho, Marius B
dc.contributor.authorBurgers, Wendy A
dc.contributor.authorOrrell, Catherine
dc.contributor.authorSchäfer, Georgia
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-08T07:02:26Z
dc.date.available2022-07-08T07:02:26Z
dc.date.issued2022-06-03
dc.date.updated2022-06-23T12:11:40Z
dc.description.abstractIn South Africa, high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 occurs primarily in densely populated, low-income communities, which are additionally burdened by highly prevalent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). With the aim to assess SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and its association with HIV-related clinical parameters in non-hospitalized patients likely to be highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2, this observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Gugulethu Community Health Centre Antiretroviral clinic between October 2020 and June 2021, after the first COVID-19 wave in South Africa and during the second and beginning of the third wave. A total of 150 adult (median age 39 years [range 20&ndash;65 years]) HIV-infected patients (69% female; 31% male) were recruited. 95.3% of the cohort was on antiretroviral therapy (ART), had a median CD4 count of 220 cells/&micro;L (range 17&ndash;604 cells/&micro;L) and a median HIV viral load (VL) of 49 copies/mL (range 1&ndash;1,050,867 copies/mL). Furthermore, 106 patients (70.7%) were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive, and 0% were vaccinated. When stratified for HIV VL, patients with uncontrolled HIV viremia (HIV VL &gt; 1000 copies/mL) had significantly higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity than patients with HIV VL &lt; 1000 copies/mL, after adjusting for age, sex and ART status (<i>p</i> = 0.035, adjusted OR 2.961 [95% CI: 1.078&ndash;8.133]). Although the cause&ndash;effect relationship could not be determined due to the cross-sectional study design, these results point towards a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility among viremic HIV patients, or impaired HIV viral control due to previous co-infection with SARS-CoV-2.en_US
dc.identifierdoi: 10.3390/v14061222
dc.identifier.apacitationLambarey, H., Blumenthal, M. J., Chetram, A., Joyimbana, W., Jennings, L., Tincho, M. B., ... Schäfer, G. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa. <i>Viruses</i>, 14(6), http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36630en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationLambarey, Humaira, Melissa J Blumenthal, Abeen Chetram, Wendy Joyimbana, Lauren Jennings, Marius B Tincho, Wendy A Burgers, Catherine Orrell, and Georgia Schäfer "SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa." <i>Viruses</i> 14, 6. (2022) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36630en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationLambarey, H., Blumenthal, M.J., Chetram, A., Joyimbana, W., Jennings, L., Tincho, M.B., Burgers, W.A. & Orrell, C. et al. 2022. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa. <i>Viruses.</i> 14(6) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36630en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Lambarey, Humaira AU - Blumenthal, Melissa J AU - Chetram, Abeen AU - Joyimbana, Wendy AU - Jennings, Lauren AU - Tincho, Marius B AU - Burgers, Wendy A AU - Orrell, Catherine AU - Schäfer, Georgia AB - In South Africa, high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 occurs primarily in densely populated, low-income communities, which are additionally burdened by highly prevalent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). With the aim to assess SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and its association with HIV-related clinical parameters in non-hospitalized patients likely to be highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2, this observational cross-sectional study was conducted at the Gugulethu Community Health Centre Antiretroviral clinic between October 2020 and June 2021, after the first COVID-19 wave in South Africa and during the second and beginning of the third wave. A total of 150 adult (median age 39 years [range 20&ndash;65 years]) HIV-infected patients (69% female; 31% male) were recruited. 95.3% of the cohort was on antiretroviral therapy (ART), had a median CD4 count of 220 cells/&micro;L (range 17&ndash;604 cells/&micro;L) and a median HIV viral load (VL) of 49 copies/mL (range 1&ndash;1,050,867 copies/mL). Furthermore, 106 patients (70.7%) were SARS-CoV-2 seropositive, and 0% were vaccinated. When stratified for HIV VL, patients with uncontrolled HIV viremia (HIV VL &gt; 1000 copies/mL) had significantly higher odds of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity than patients with HIV VL &lt; 1000 copies/mL, after adjusting for age, sex and ART status (<i>p</i> = 0.035, adjusted OR 2.961 [95% CI: 1.078&ndash;8.133]). Although the cause&ndash;effect relationship could not be determined due to the cross-sectional study design, these results point towards a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility among viremic HIV patients, or impaired HIV viral control due to previous co-infection with SARS-CoV-2. DA - 2022-06-03 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 6 J1 - Viruses KW - HIV KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - COVID-19 KW - South Africa KW - viral load KW - PLWH KW - AR LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2022 T1 - SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa TI - SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36630 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/36630
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationLambarey H, Blumenthal MJ, Chetram A, Joyimbana W, Jennings L, Tincho MB, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africa. Viruses. 2022;14(6) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36630.en_ZA
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisher.departmentInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_US
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) which allows one to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceVirusesen_US
dc.source.journalissue6en_US
dc.source.journalvolume14en_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectviral load
dc.subjectPLWH
dc.subjectAR
dc.titleSARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Uncontrolled HIV Viral Load in Non-Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients from Gugulethu, South Africaen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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