From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity

dc.contributor.advisorRohwer, Christian
dc.contributor.advisorShock, Jonathan
dc.contributor.authorSchonfeldt , Abram
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-28T10:18:07Z
dc.date.available2023-04-28T10:18:07Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.date.updated2023-04-28T10:17:44Z
dc.description.abstractIn the retina, the activity of ganglion cells, which feed information through the optic nerve to the rest of the brain, is all that our brain will ever know about the visual world. The interactions between many neurons are essential to processing visual information and a growing body of evidence suggests that the activity of populations of retinal ganglion cells cannot be understood from knowledge of the individual cells alone. Modelling the probability of which cells in a population will fire or remain silent at any moment in time is a difficult problem because of the exponentially many possible states that can arise, many of which we will never even observe in finite recordings of retinal activity. To model this activity, maximum entropy models have been proposed which provide probabilistic descriptions over all possible states but can be fitted using relatively few well-sampled statistics. Maximum entropy models have the appealing property of being the least biased explanation of the available information, in the sense that they maximise the information theoretic entropy. We investigate this use of maximum entropy models and examine the population sizes and constraints that they require in order to learn nontrivial insights from finite data. Going beyond maximum entropy models, we investigate autoencoders, which provide computationally efficient means of simplifying the activity of retinal ganglion cells.
dc.identifier.apacitationSchonfeldt , A. (2022). <i>From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity</i>. (). ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37848en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationSchonfeldt , Abram. <i>"From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity."</i> ., ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37848en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationSchonfeldt , A. 2022. From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity. . ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37848en_ZA
dc.identifier.risTY - Master Thesis AU - Schonfeldt , Abram AB - In the retina, the activity of ganglion cells, which feed information through the optic nerve to the rest of the brain, is all that our brain will ever know about the visual world. The interactions between many neurons are essential to processing visual information and a growing body of evidence suggests that the activity of populations of retinal ganglion cells cannot be understood from knowledge of the individual cells alone. Modelling the probability of which cells in a population will fire or remain silent at any moment in time is a difficult problem because of the exponentially many possible states that can arise, many of which we will never even observe in finite recordings of retinal activity. To model this activity, maximum entropy models have been proposed which provide probabilistic descriptions over all possible states but can be fitted using relatively few well-sampled statistics. Maximum entropy models have the appealing property of being the least biased explanation of the available information, in the sense that they maximise the information theoretic entropy. We investigate this use of maximum entropy models and examine the population sizes and constraints that they require in order to learn nontrivial insights from finite data. Going beyond maximum entropy models, we investigate autoencoders, which provide computationally efficient means of simplifying the activity of retinal ganglion cells. DA - 2022_ DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - applied mathematics LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2022 T1 - ETD: From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity TI - ETD: From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37848 ER -en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/37848
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationSchonfeldt A. From statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity. []. ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, 2022 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37848en_ZA
dc.language.rfc3066eng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Science
dc.subjectapplied mathematics
dc.titleFrom statistical mechanics to machine learning: effective models for neural activity
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationlevelMSc
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
thesis_sci_2022_schonfeldt abram.pdf
Size:
7.38 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
0 B
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Collections