Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients

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dc.contributor.advisorNaidoo, Richarden_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorGovender, Dhirenen_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorRoss, Ian Len_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorDandara, Colleten_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMokhesi, Neoen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-23T12:07:28Z
dc.date.available2018-01-23T12:07:28Z
dc.date.issued2017en_ZA
dc.description.abstractObjective: Thyroid cancer affects approximately 298 million people worldwide and the major challenge is reliably distinguishing patients who present with poor prognosis from those who do not. There are genetic markers that have been shown to be associated with poor clinical outcome in thyroid cancer, which include mutations in the BRAF and RAS genes. In addition to genetic variation, recent studies have reported on the effects of micro-ribonucleic acids' (miRNAs) differential expression observed in tumour and normal tissue as another possible marker of thyroid cancer prognosis. Therefore, miRNA expression signatures in thyroid cancer could be used as biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis. This study compared the expression of miRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer and follicular thyroid cancer. Methods: As part of a preliminary study, 66 differentiated thyroid cancer samples were obtained from patients attending Groote Schuur Hospital and used in the study. MiRNA miScript polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Array (Qiagen) was used to determine the differential miRNA expression profiles between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Real time PCR was employed to confirm the expression levels of miRNA- 21 and miRNA-122. Results: 17 miRNAs were upregulated in PTC and 14 in FTC. There were significant differences in the miRNA expression between FTC and PTC. For example, miRNA-21 was the most upregulated miRNA in PTC and miRNA-122 in FTC. We found no correlation of the expression of these miRNAs to clinicopathological features. We observed an association of BRAF mutation positivity to advanced tumour stage and advanced age of presentation however, no correlation was seen to miRNA-21 or miRNA-122 expression. Conclusion: Although we did not observe correlations between miRNAs and any of the clinicopathological features, microRNA expression profile signatures were able to differentiate between PTC and FTC and could potentially be further validated as diagnostic markers.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMokhesi, N. (2017). <i>Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Anatomical Pathology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26906en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMokhesi, Neo. <i>"Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Anatomical Pathology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26906en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMokhesi, N. 2017. Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Mokhesi, Neo AB - Objective: Thyroid cancer affects approximately 298 million people worldwide and the major challenge is reliably distinguishing patients who present with poor prognosis from those who do not. There are genetic markers that have been shown to be associated with poor clinical outcome in thyroid cancer, which include mutations in the BRAF and RAS genes. In addition to genetic variation, recent studies have reported on the effects of micro-ribonucleic acids' (miRNAs) differential expression observed in tumour and normal tissue as another possible marker of thyroid cancer prognosis. Therefore, miRNA expression signatures in thyroid cancer could be used as biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis. This study compared the expression of miRNAs in papillary thyroid cancer and follicular thyroid cancer. Methods: As part of a preliminary study, 66 differentiated thyroid cancer samples were obtained from patients attending Groote Schuur Hospital and used in the study. MiRNA miScript polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Array (Qiagen) was used to determine the differential miRNA expression profiles between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Real time PCR was employed to confirm the expression levels of miRNA- 21 and miRNA-122. Results: 17 miRNAs were upregulated in PTC and 14 in FTC. There were significant differences in the miRNA expression between FTC and PTC. For example, miRNA-21 was the most upregulated miRNA in PTC and miRNA-122 in FTC. We found no correlation of the expression of these miRNAs to clinicopathological features. We observed an association of BRAF mutation positivity to advanced tumour stage and advanced age of presentation however, no correlation was seen to miRNA-21 or miRNA-122 expression. Conclusion: Although we did not observe correlations between miRNAs and any of the clinicopathological features, microRNA expression profile signatures were able to differentiate between PTC and FTC and could potentially be further validated as diagnostic markers. DA - 2017 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2017 T1 - Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients TI - Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26906 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/26906
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMokhesi N. Investigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patients. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Anatomical Pathology, 2017 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26906en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Anatomical Pathologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherAnatomical Pathologyen_ZA
dc.titleInvestigation of microRNA expression in thyroid carcinoma among South Africa patientsen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMSc (Med)en_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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