Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance
| dc.contributor.author | Gwenzi, Willis | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chaukura, Nhamo | |
| dc.contributor.author | Muisa-Zikali, Norah | |
| dc.contributor.author | Teta, Charles | |
| dc.contributor.author | Musvuugwa, Tendai | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rzymski, Piotr | |
| dc.contributor.author | Abia, Akebe Luther King | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-10-14T08:46:46Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-10-14T08:46:46Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-01-12 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2021-01-22T15:46:37Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | This paper reviews the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in insects, rodents, and pets. Insects (e.g., houseflies, cockroaches), rodents (rats, mice), and pets (dogs, cats) act as reservoirs of AMR for first-line and last-resort antimicrobial agents. AMR proliferates in insects, rodents, and pets, and their skin and gut systems. Subsequently, insects, rodents, and pets act as vectors that disseminate AMR to humans via direct contact, human food contamination, and horizontal gene transfer. Thus, insects, rodents, and pets might act as sentinels or bioindicators of AMR. Human health risks are discussed, including those unique to low-income countries. Current evidence on human health risks is largely inferential and based on qualitative data, but comprehensive statistics based on quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) are still lacking. Hence, tracing human health risks of AMR to insects, rodents, and pets, remains a challenge. To safeguard human health, mitigation measures are proposed, based on the one-health approach. Future research should include human health risk analysis using QMRA, and the application of in-silico techniques, genomics, network analysis, and ’big data’ analytical tools to understand the role of household insects, rodents, and pets in the persistence, circulation, and health risks of AMR. | en_US |
| dc.identifier | doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10010068 | |
| dc.identifier.apacitation | Gwenzi, W., Chaukura, N., Muisa-Zikali, N., Teta, C., Musvuugwa, T., Rzymski, P., & Abia, A. L. K. (2021). Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance. <i>Antibiotics</i>, 10(1), http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35242 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Gwenzi, Willis, Nhamo Chaukura, Norah Muisa-Zikali, Charles Teta, Tendai Musvuugwa, Piotr Rzymski, and Akebe Luther King Abia "Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance." <i>Antibiotics</i> 10, 1. (2021) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35242 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | Gwenzi, W., Chaukura, N., Muisa-Zikali, N., Teta, C., Musvuugwa, T., Rzymski, P. & Abia, A.L.K. 2021. Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance. <i>Antibiotics.</i> 10(1) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35242 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.ris | TY - Journal Article AU - Gwenzi, Willis AU - Chaukura, Nhamo AU - Muisa-Zikali, Norah AU - Teta, Charles AU - Musvuugwa, Tendai AU - Rzymski, Piotr AU - Abia, Akebe Luther King AB - This paper reviews the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in insects, rodents, and pets. Insects (e.g., houseflies, cockroaches), rodents (rats, mice), and pets (dogs, cats) act as reservoirs of AMR for first-line and last-resort antimicrobial agents. AMR proliferates in insects, rodents, and pets, and their skin and gut systems. Subsequently, insects, rodents, and pets act as vectors that disseminate AMR to humans via direct contact, human food contamination, and horizontal gene transfer. Thus, insects, rodents, and pets might act as sentinels or bioindicators of AMR. Human health risks are discussed, including those unique to low-income countries. Current evidence on human health risks is largely inferential and based on qualitative data, but comprehensive statistics based on quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) are still lacking. Hence, tracing human health risks of AMR to insects, rodents, and pets, remains a challenge. To safeguard human health, mitigation measures are proposed, based on the one-health approach. Future research should include human health risk analysis using QMRA, and the application of in-silico techniques, genomics, network analysis, and ’big data’ analytical tools to understand the role of household insects, rodents, and pets in the persistence, circulation, and health risks of AMR. DA - 2021-01-12 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - Antibiotics LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2021 T1 - Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance TI - Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35242 ER - | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010068 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35242 | |
| dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Gwenzi W, Chaukura N, Muisa-Zikali N, Teta C, Musvuugwa T, Rzymski P, et al. Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance. Antibiotics. 2021;10(1) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35242. | en_ZA |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher.department | Future Water Institute | |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment | en_US |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_US |
| dc.source | Antibiotics | en_US |
| dc.source.journalissue | 1 | en_US |
| dc.source.journalvolume | 10 | en_US |
| dc.source.uri | https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics | |
| dc.title | Insects, Rodents, and Pets as Reservoirs, Vectors, and Sentinels of Antimicrobial Resistance | en_US |
| dc.type | Journal Article | en_US |