Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries

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dc.contributor.authorZakrzewski-Fruer, Julia K
dc.contributor.authorGillison, Fiona B
dc.contributor.authorKatzmarzyk, Peter T
dc.contributor.authorMire, Emily F
dc.contributor.authorBroyles, Stephanie T
dc.contributor.authorChampagne, Catherine M
dc.contributor.authorChaput, Jean-Philippe
dc.contributor.authorDenstel, Kara D
dc.contributor.authorFogelholm, Mikael
dc.contributor.authorHu, Gang
dc.contributor.authorLambert, Estelle V
dc.contributor.authorMaher, Carol
dc.contributor.authorMaia, José
dc.contributor.authorOlds, Tim
dc.contributor.authorOnywera, Vincent
dc.contributor.authorSarmiento, Olga L
dc.contributor.authorTremblay, Mark S
dc.contributor.authorTudor-Locke, Catrine
dc.contributor.authorStandage, Martyn
dc.date.accessioned2019-03-06T11:12:20Z
dc.date.available2019-03-06T11:12:20Z
dc.date.issued2019-02-21
dc.date.updated2019-02-24T04:19:59Z
dc.description.abstractBackground Existing research has documented inconsistent findings for the associations among breakfast frequency, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time in children. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations among breakfast frequency and objectively-measured PA and sedentary time in a sample of children from 12 countries representing a wide range of human development, economic development and inequality. The secondary aim was to examine interactions of these associations between study sites. Methods This multinational, cross-sectional study included 6228 children aged 9–11 years from the 12 International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment sites. Multilevel statistical models were used to examine associations between self-reported habitual breakfast frequency defined using three categories (breakfast consumed 0 to 2 days/week [rare], 3 to 5 days/week [occasional] or 6 to 7 days/week [frequent]) or two categories (breakfast consumed less than daily or daily) and accelerometry-derived PA and sedentary time during the morning (wake time to 1200 h) and afternoon (1200 h to bed time) with study site included as an interaction term. Model covariates included age, sex, highest parental education, body mass index z-score, and accelerometer waking wear time. Results Participants averaged 60 (s.d. 25) min/day in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 315 (s.d. 53) min/day in light PA and 513 (s.d. 69) min/day sedentary. Controlling for covariates, breakfast frequency was not significantly associated with total daily or afternoon PA and sedentary time. For the morning, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with a higher proportion of time in MVPA (0.3%), higher proportion of time in light PA (1.0%) and lower min/day and proportion of time sedentary (3.4 min/day and 1.3%) than rare breakfast consumption (all p ≤ 0.05). No significant associations were found when comparing occasional with rare or frequent breakfast consumption, or daily with less than daily breakfast consumption. Very few significant interactions with study site were found. Conclusions In this multinational sample of children, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with higher MVPA and light PA time and lower sedentary time in the morning when compared with rare breakfast consumption, although the small magnitude of the associations may lack clinical relevance. Trial registration The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) is registered at (Identifier NCT01722500 ).
dc.identifier.apacitationZakrzewski-Fruer, J. K., Gillison, F. B., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Mire, E. F., Broyles, S. T., Champagne, C. M., ... Standage, M. (2019). Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries. <i>BMC Public Health</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29901en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationZakrzewski-Fruer, Julia K, Fiona B Gillison, Peter T Katzmarzyk, Emily F Mire, Stephanie T Broyles, Catherine M Champagne, Jean-Philippe Chaput, et al "Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries." <i>BMC Public Health</i> (2019) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29901en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationZakrzewski-Fruer, J. K., Gillison, F. B., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Mire, E. F., Broyles, S. T., Champagne, C. M., ... & Lambert, E. V. (2019). Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries. BMC public health, 19(1), 222.
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Zakrzewski-Fruer, Julia K AU - Gillison, Fiona B AU - Katzmarzyk, Peter T AU - Mire, Emily F AU - Broyles, Stephanie T AU - Champagne, Catherine M AU - Chaput, Jean-Philippe AU - Denstel, Kara D AU - Fogelholm, Mikael AU - Hu, Gang AU - Lambert, Estelle V AU - Maher, Carol AU - Maia, José AU - Olds, Tim AU - Onywera, Vincent AU - Sarmiento, Olga L AU - Tremblay, Mark S AU - Tudor-Locke, Catrine AU - Standage, Martyn AB - Background Existing research has documented inconsistent findings for the associations among breakfast frequency, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time in children. The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations among breakfast frequency and objectively-measured PA and sedentary time in a sample of children from 12 countries representing a wide range of human development, economic development and inequality. The secondary aim was to examine interactions of these associations between study sites. Methods This multinational, cross-sectional study included 6228 children aged 9–11 years from the 12 International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment sites. Multilevel statistical models were used to examine associations between self-reported habitual breakfast frequency defined using three categories (breakfast consumed 0 to 2 days/week [rare], 3 to 5 days/week [occasional] or 6 to 7 days/week [frequent]) or two categories (breakfast consumed less than daily or daily) and accelerometry-derived PA and sedentary time during the morning (wake time to 1200 h) and afternoon (1200 h to bed time) with study site included as an interaction term. Model covariates included age, sex, highest parental education, body mass index z-score, and accelerometer waking wear time. Results Participants averaged 60 (s.d. 25) min/day in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 315 (s.d. 53) min/day in light PA and 513 (s.d. 69) min/day sedentary. Controlling for covariates, breakfast frequency was not significantly associated with total daily or afternoon PA and sedentary time. For the morning, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with a higher proportion of time in MVPA (0.3%), higher proportion of time in light PA (1.0%) and lower min/day and proportion of time sedentary (3.4 min/day and 1.3%) than rare breakfast consumption (all p ≤ 0.05). No significant associations were found when comparing occasional with rare or frequent breakfast consumption, or daily with less than daily breakfast consumption. Very few significant interactions with study site were found. Conclusions In this multinational sample of children, frequent breakfast consumption was associated with higher MVPA and light PA time and lower sedentary time in the morning when compared with rare breakfast consumption, although the small magnitude of the associations may lack clinical relevance. Trial registration The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) is registered at (Identifier NCT01722500 ). DA - 2019-02-21 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town J1 - BMC Public Health LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2019 T1 - Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries TI - Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29901 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6542-6
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/29901
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationZakrzewski-Fruer JK, Gillison FB, Katzmarzyk PT, Mire EF, Broyles ST, Champagne CM, et al. Association between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries. BMC Public Health. 2019; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29901.en_ZA
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBioMed Central
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s).
dc.sourceBMC Public Health
dc.source.urihttps://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/
dc.subject.otherExercise
dc.subject.otherHealth
dc.subject.otherFasting
dc.subject.otherInternational
dc.subject.otherNutrition
dc.subject.otherYouth
dc.titleAssociation between breakfast frequency and physical activity and sedentary time: a cross-sectional study in children from 12 countries
dc.typeJournal Article
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