Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study

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dc.contributor.authorMadlala, Hlengiwe P.
dc.contributor.authorSteyn, Nelia P.
dc.contributor.authorKalk, Emma
dc.contributor.authorDavies, Mary-Anne
dc.contributor.authorNyemba, Dorothy
dc.contributor.authorMalaba, Thokozile R.
dc.contributor.authorMehta, Ushma
dc.contributor.authorPetro, Gregory
dc.contributor.authorBoulle, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorMyer, Landon
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-07T08:11:45Z
dc.date.available2021-10-07T08:11:45Z
dc.date.issued2021-08-04
dc.date.updated2021-08-08T03:27:39Z
dc.description.abstractBackground Although global nutrition/dietary transition resulting from industrialisation and urbanisation has been identified as a major contributor to widespread trends of obesity, there is limited data in pregnant women, including those living with HIV in South Africa. We examined food-based dietary intake in pregnant women with and without HIV at first antenatal care (ANC) visit, and associations with maternal overweight/obesity and gestational weight gain (GWG). Methods In an urban South African community, consecutive women living with (n = 479) and without (n = 510) HIV were enrolled and prospectively followed to delivery. Interviewer-administered non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake (starch, protein, dairy, fruits, vegetables, legumes, oils/fats) at enrolment. Associations with maternal body mass index (BMI) and GWG were examined using logistic regression models. Results Among women (median age 29 years, IQR 25–34), the prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) at first ANC was 43% and that of excessive GWG (per IOM guidelines) was 37% overall; HIV prevalence was 48%. In women without HIV, consumption of potato (any preparation) (aOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.02–3.84) and pumpkin/butternut (aOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.29–3.49) for 1–3 days a week increased the odds of overweight/obesity compared to not consuming any; milk in tea/coffee (aOR 6.04, 95% CI 1.37–26.50) increased the odds of excessive GWG. Consumption of eggs (any) (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32–0.86) for 1–3 days a week reduced the odds of overweight/obesity while peanut and nuts consumption for 4–7 days a week reduced the odds (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14–0.80) of excessive GWG. In women with HIV, consumption of milk/yoghurt/maas to drink/on cereals (aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.18–0.68), tomato (raw/cooked) (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30–0.84), green beans (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.86), mixed vegetables (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.84) and legumes e.g. baked beans, lentils (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28–0.86) for 4–7 days a week reduced the odds of overweight/obesity; tomato (raw/cooked) (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24–0.96) and mixed vegetables (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.78) also reduced the odds of excessive GWG. Conclusions Diet modification may promote healthy weight in pregnant women living with and without HIV.en_US
dc.identifier.apacitationMadlala, Hlengiwe P., Steyn, Nelia P., Kalk, E., Davies, M., Nyemba, D., Malaba, Thokozile R., ... Myer, L. (2021). Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. <i>BMC Public Health</i>, 21(Article number: 1504), http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34117en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMadlala, Hlengiwe P., Nelia P. Steyn, Emma Kalk, Mary-Anne Davies, Dorothy Nyemba, Thokozile R. Malaba, Ushma Mehta, Gregory Petro, Andrew Boulle, and Landon Myer "Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study." <i>BMC Public Health</i> 21, Article number: 1504. (2021) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34117en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMadlala, Hlengiwe P., Steyn, Nelia P., Kalk, E., Davies, M., Nyemba, D., Malaba, Thokozile R., Mehta, U. & Petro, G. et al. 2021. Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. <i>BMC Public Health.</i> 21(Article number: 1504) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34117en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Madlala, Hlengiwe P. AU - Steyn, Nelia P. AU - Kalk, Emma AU - Davies, Mary-Anne AU - Nyemba, Dorothy AU - Malaba, Thokozile R. AU - Mehta, Ushma AU - Petro, Gregory AU - Boulle, Andrew AU - Myer, Landon AB - Background Although global nutrition/dietary transition resulting from industrialisation and urbanisation has been identified as a major contributor to widespread trends of obesity, there is limited data in pregnant women, including those living with HIV in South Africa. We examined food-based dietary intake in pregnant women with and without HIV at first antenatal care (ANC) visit, and associations with maternal overweight/obesity and gestational weight gain (GWG). Methods In an urban South African community, consecutive women living with (n = 479) and without (n = 510) HIV were enrolled and prospectively followed to delivery. Interviewer-administered non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake (starch, protein, dairy, fruits, vegetables, legumes, oils/fats) at enrolment. Associations with maternal body mass index (BMI) and GWG were examined using logistic regression models. Results Among women (median age 29 years, IQR 25–34), the prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) at first ANC was 43% and that of excessive GWG (per IOM guidelines) was 37% overall; HIV prevalence was 48%. In women without HIV, consumption of potato (any preparation) (aOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.02–3.84) and pumpkin/butternut (aOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.29–3.49) for 1–3 days a week increased the odds of overweight/obesity compared to not consuming any; milk in tea/coffee (aOR 6.04, 95% CI 1.37–26.50) increased the odds of excessive GWG. Consumption of eggs (any) (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32–0.86) for 1–3 days a week reduced the odds of overweight/obesity while peanut and nuts consumption for 4–7 days a week reduced the odds (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14–0.80) of excessive GWG. In women with HIV, consumption of milk/yoghurt/maas to drink/on cereals (aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.18–0.68), tomato (raw/cooked) (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30–0.84), green beans (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.86), mixed vegetables (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29–0.84) and legumes e.g. baked beans, lentils (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28–0.86) for 4–7 days a week reduced the odds of overweight/obesity; tomato (raw/cooked) (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24–0.96) and mixed vegetables (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.78) also reduced the odds of excessive GWG. Conclusions Diet modification may promote healthy weight in pregnant women living with and without HIV. DA - 2021-08-04 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - Article number: 1504 J1 - BMC Public Health KW - Food intake KW - Body mass index KW - Gestational weight gain KW - Pregnancy KW - HIV LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2021 T1 - Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study TI - Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34117 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11566-2
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34117
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMadlala Hlengiwe P, Steyn Nelia P, Kalk E, Davies M, Nyemba D, Malaba Thokozile R, et al. Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(Article number: 1504) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34117.en_ZA
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Public Health and Family Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_US
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceBMC Public Healthen_US
dc.source.journalissueArticle number: 1504en_US
dc.source.journalvolume21en_US
dc.source.urihttps://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/
dc.subjectFood intakeen_US
dc.subjectBody mass indexen_US
dc.subjectGestational weight gainen_US
dc.subjectPregnancyen_US
dc.subjectHIVen_US
dc.titleAssociation between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort studyen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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