An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience
| dc.contributor.author | Jackson, Debra J | |
| dc.contributor.author | Dinh, Thu-Ha | |
| dc.contributor.author | Lombard, Carl J | |
| dc.contributor.author | Sherman, Gayle G | |
| dc.contributor.author | Goga, Ameena E | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-10-10T08:08:09Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-10-10T08:08:09Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-09-16 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2019-09-22T03:33:07Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | Abstract Background Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV is a global public health target. Robust, feasible methodologies to measure population level impact of programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) are needed in high HIV prevalence settings. We present a summary of the protocol of the South African PMTCT Evaluation (SAPMTCTE) with its revision over three repeated rounds of the survey, 2010–2014. Methods Three cross sectional surveys (2010, 2011–2012 and 2012–2013) were conducted in 580 primary health care immunisation service points randomly selected after stratified multistage probability proportional to size sampling. All infants aged 4–8 weeks receiving their six-week immunisation at a sampled facility on the day of the visit were eligible to participate. Trained research nurses conducted interviews and took infant dried blood spot (iDBS) samples for HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and total nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Interviews were conducted using mobile phones and iDBS were sent to the National Health Laboratory for testing. All findings were adjusted for study design, non-response, and weighted for number of South African live-birth in each study round. In 2012 a national closed cohort of these 4 to 8-week old infants testing EIA positive (HIV Exposed Infants) from the 2012–2013 cross-sectional survey was established to estimate longer-term PMTCT impact to 18 months. Follow-up analyses were to estimate weighted cumulative MTCT until 18 months, postnatal MTCT from 6 weeks until 18 months and a combined outcome of MTCT-or-death, using a competing risks model, with death as a competing risk. HIV-free survival was defined as a child surviving and HIV-negative up to 18 months or last visit seen. A weighted cumulative incidence analysis was conducted, adjusting for survey design effects. Discussion In the absence of robust high-quality routine medical recording systems, in the context of a generalised HIV epidemic, national surveys can be used to monitor PMTCT effectiveness; however, monitoring long-term outcomes nationally is difficult due to poor retention in care. | |
| dc.identifier.apacitation | Jackson, D. J., Dinh, T., Lombard, C. J., Sherman, G. G., & Goga, A. E. (2019). An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30561 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Jackson, Debra J, Thu-Ha Dinh, Carl J Lombard, Gayle G Sherman, and Ameena E Goga "An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience." (2019) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30561 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | BMC Infectious Diseases. 2019 Sep 16;19(Suppl 1):784 | |
| dc.identifier.ris | TY - Journal Article AU - Jackson, Debra J AU - Dinh, Thu-Ha AU - Lombard, Carl J AU - Sherman, Gayle G AU - Goga, Ameena E AB - Abstract Background Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV is a global public health target. Robust, feasible methodologies to measure population level impact of programmes to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) are needed in high HIV prevalence settings. We present a summary of the protocol of the South African PMTCT Evaluation (SAPMTCTE) with its revision over three repeated rounds of the survey, 2010–2014. Methods Three cross sectional surveys (2010, 2011–2012 and 2012–2013) were conducted in 580 primary health care immunisation service points randomly selected after stratified multistage probability proportional to size sampling. All infants aged 4–8 weeks receiving their six-week immunisation at a sampled facility on the day of the visit were eligible to participate. Trained research nurses conducted interviews and took infant dried blood spot (iDBS) samples for HIV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and total nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Interviews were conducted using mobile phones and iDBS were sent to the National Health Laboratory for testing. All findings were adjusted for study design, non-response, and weighted for number of South African live-birth in each study round. In 2012 a national closed cohort of these 4 to 8-week old infants testing EIA positive (HIV Exposed Infants) from the 2012–2013 cross-sectional survey was established to estimate longer-term PMTCT impact to 18 months. Follow-up analyses were to estimate weighted cumulative MTCT until 18 months, postnatal MTCT from 6 weeks until 18 months and a combined outcome of MTCT-or-death, using a competing risks model, with death as a competing risk. HIV-free survival was defined as a child surviving and HIV-negative up to 18 months or last visit seen. A weighted cumulative incidence analysis was conducted, adjusting for survey design effects. Discussion In the absence of robust high-quality routine medical recording systems, in the context of a generalised HIV epidemic, national surveys can be used to monitor PMTCT effectiveness; however, monitoring long-term outcomes nationally is difficult due to poor retention in care. DA - 2019-09-16 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - Study design KW - PMTCT effectiveness KW - Survey KW - South Africa LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2019 T1 - An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience TI - An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30561 ER - | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4336-1 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30561 | |
| dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Jackson DJ, Dinh T, Lombard CJ, Sherman GG, Goga AE. An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience. 2019; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30561. | en_ZA |
| dc.language.rfc3066 | en | |
| dc.rights.holder | The Author(s). | |
| dc.subject | Study design | |
| dc.subject | PMTCT effectiveness | |
| dc.subject | Survey | |
| dc.subject | South Africa | |
| dc.title | An approach for evaluating early and long term mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) in low and middle income countries: a South African experience | |
| dc.type | Journal Article |