Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorLwande, Oliviaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorVenter, Marietjieen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLutomiah, Joelen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMichuki, Georgeen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRumberia, Ceciliaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGakuya, Francisen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorObanda, Vincenten_ZA
dc.contributor.authorTigoi, Carolineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOdhiambo, Collinsen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorNindo, Fredricken_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSymekher, Samwelen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSang, Rosemaryen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-30T09:30:55Z
dc.date.available2015-10-30T09:30:55Z
dc.date.issued2014en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND:West Nile virus (WNV) has a wide geographical distribution and has been associated to cause neurological disease in humans and horses. Mosquitoes are the traditional vectors for WNV; however, the virus has also been isolated from tick species in North Africa and Europe which could be a means of introduction and spread of the virus over long distances through migratory birds. Although WNV has been isolated in mosquitoes in Kenya, paucity of genetic and pathogenicity data exists. We previously reported the isolation of WNV from ticks collected from livestock and wildlife in Ijara District of Kenya, a hotspot for arbovirus activity. Here we report the full genome sequence and phylogenetic investigation of their origin and relation to strains from other regions. METHODS: A total of 10,488 ticks were sampled from animal hosts, classified to species and processed in pools of up to eight ticks per pool. Virus screening was performed by cell culture, RT-PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out to determine the evolutionary relationships of our isolate. RESULTS: Among other viruses, WNV was isolated from a pool of Rhipicephalus pulchellus sampled from cattle, sequenced and submitted to GenBank (Accession number: KC243146). Comparative analysis with 27 different strains revealed that our isolate belongs to lineage 1 and clustered relatively closely to isolates from North Africa and Europe, Russia and the United States. Overall, Bayesian analysis based on nucleotide sequences showed that lineage 1 strains including the Kenyan strain had diverged 200years ago from lineage 2 strains of southern Africa. Ijara strain collected from a tick sampled on livestock was closest to another Kenyan strain and had diverged 20years ago from strains detected in Morocco and Europe and 30years ago from strains identified in the USA. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first characterized WNV strain isolated from R. pulchellus. The epidemiological role of this tick in WNV transmission and dissemination remains equivocal but presents tick verses mosquito virus transmission has been neglected. Genetic data of this strain suggest that lineage 1 strains from Africa could be dispersed through tick vectors by wild migratory birds to Europe and beyond.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationLwande, O., Venter, M., Lutomiah, J., Michuki, G., Rumberia, C., Gakuya, F., ... Sang, R. (2014). Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya. <i>Parasites & Vectors</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14516en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationLwande, Olivia, Marietjie Venter, Joel Lutomiah, George Michuki, Cecilia Rumberia, Francis Gakuya, Vincent Obanda, et al "Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya." <i>Parasites & Vectors</i> (2014) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14516en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationLwande, O. W., Venter, M., Lutomiah, J., Michuki, G., Rumberia, C., Gakuya, F., ... & Sang, R. (2014). Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya. Parasites & vectors, 7(1), 1-10.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Lwande, Olivia AU - Venter, Marietjie AU - Lutomiah, Joel AU - Michuki, George AU - Rumberia, Cecilia AU - Gakuya, Francis AU - Obanda, Vincent AU - Tigoi, Caroline AU - Odhiambo, Collins AU - Nindo, Fredrick AU - Symekher, Samwel AU - Sang, Rosemary AB - BACKGROUND:West Nile virus (WNV) has a wide geographical distribution and has been associated to cause neurological disease in humans and horses. Mosquitoes are the traditional vectors for WNV; however, the virus has also been isolated from tick species in North Africa and Europe which could be a means of introduction and spread of the virus over long distances through migratory birds. Although WNV has been isolated in mosquitoes in Kenya, paucity of genetic and pathogenicity data exists. We previously reported the isolation of WNV from ticks collected from livestock and wildlife in Ijara District of Kenya, a hotspot for arbovirus activity. Here we report the full genome sequence and phylogenetic investigation of their origin and relation to strains from other regions. METHODS: A total of 10,488 ticks were sampled from animal hosts, classified to species and processed in pools of up to eight ticks per pool. Virus screening was performed by cell culture, RT-PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out to determine the evolutionary relationships of our isolate. RESULTS: Among other viruses, WNV was isolated from a pool of Rhipicephalus pulchellus sampled from cattle, sequenced and submitted to GenBank (Accession number: KC243146). Comparative analysis with 27 different strains revealed that our isolate belongs to lineage 1 and clustered relatively closely to isolates from North Africa and Europe, Russia and the United States. Overall, Bayesian analysis based on nucleotide sequences showed that lineage 1 strains including the Kenyan strain had diverged 200years ago from lineage 2 strains of southern Africa. Ijara strain collected from a tick sampled on livestock was closest to another Kenyan strain and had diverged 20years ago from strains detected in Morocco and Europe and 30years ago from strains identified in the USA. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first characterized WNV strain isolated from R. pulchellus. The epidemiological role of this tick in WNV transmission and dissemination remains equivocal but presents tick verses mosquito virus transmission has been neglected. Genetic data of this strain suggest that lineage 1 strains from Africa could be dispersed through tick vectors by wild migratory birds to Europe and beyond. DA - 2014 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/s13071-014-0542-2 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Parasites & Vectors LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2014 T1 - Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya TI - Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14516 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14516
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-014-0542-2
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationLwande O, Venter M, Lutomiah J, Michuki G, Rumberia C, Gakuya F, et al. Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya. Parasites & Vectors. 2014; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14516.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2014 Lwande et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourceParasites & Vectorsen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.parasitesandvectors.com/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherWest Nile virusen_ZA
dc.subject.otherTicken_ZA
dc.subject.otherKenyaen_ZA
dc.subject.otherLivestocken_ZA
dc.subject.otherWildlifeen_ZA
dc.titleWhole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenyaen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Lwande_phylogenetic_investigation_West_Nile_virus2014.pdf
Size:
1.13 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
Journal Articles