Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorMiddelkoop, Kerenen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBekker, Linda-Gailen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLiang, Huaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAquino, Lisaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSebastian, Elaineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMyer, Landonen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWood, Robinen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-11T11:53:10Z
dc.date.available2015-11-11T11:53:10Z
dc.date.issued2011en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Understanding of the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis (TB) in high TB and HIV prevalent settings is required in order to develop effective intervention strategies for TB control. However, there are little data assessing incidence of TB infection in adolescents in these settings. METHODS: We performed a tuberculin skin test (TST) and HIV survey among secondary school learners in a high HIV and TB prevalence community. TST responses to purified protein derivative RT23 were read after 3 days. HIV-infection was assessed using Orasure(R) collection device and ELISA testing. The results of the HIV-uninfected participants were combined with those from previous surveys among primary school learners in the same community, and force of TB infection was calculated by age. RESULTS: The age of 820 secondary school participants ranged from 13 to 22 years. 159 participants had participated in the primary school surveys. At a 10 mm cut-off, prevalence of TB infection among HIV-uninfected and first time participants, was 54% (n = 334/620). HIV prevalence was 5% (n = 40/816). HIV infection was not significantly associated with TST positivity (p = 0.07). In the combined survey dataset, TB prevalence was 45% (n = 645/1451), and was associated with increasing age and male gender. Force of infection increased with age, from 3% to 7.3% in adolescents [greater than or equal to]20 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: We show a high force of infection among adolescents, positively associated with increasing age. We postulate this is due to increased social contact with infectious TB cases. Control of the TB epidemic in this setting will require reducing the force of infection.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMiddelkoop, K., Bekker, L., Liang, H., Aquino, L., Sebastian, E., Myer, L., & Wood, R. (2011). Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study. <i>BMC Infectious Diseases</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14856en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMiddelkoop, Keren, Linda-Gail Bekker, Hua Liang, Lisa Aquino, Elaine Sebastian, Landon Myer, and Robin Wood "Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study." <i>BMC Infectious Diseases</i> (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14856en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMiddelkoop, K., Bekker, L. G., Liang, H., Aquino, L. D., Sebastian, E., Myer, L., & Wood, R. (2011). Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study. BMC infectious diseases, 11(1), 156.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Middelkoop, Keren AU - Bekker, Linda-Gail AU - Liang, Hua AU - Aquino, Lisa AU - Sebastian, Elaine AU - Myer, Landon AU - Wood, Robin AB - BACKGROUND: Understanding of the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis (TB) in high TB and HIV prevalent settings is required in order to develop effective intervention strategies for TB control. However, there are little data assessing incidence of TB infection in adolescents in these settings. METHODS: We performed a tuberculin skin test (TST) and HIV survey among secondary school learners in a high HIV and TB prevalence community. TST responses to purified protein derivative RT23 were read after 3 days. HIV-infection was assessed using Orasure(R) collection device and ELISA testing. The results of the HIV-uninfected participants were combined with those from previous surveys among primary school learners in the same community, and force of TB infection was calculated by age. RESULTS: The age of 820 secondary school participants ranged from 13 to 22 years. 159 participants had participated in the primary school surveys. At a 10 mm cut-off, prevalence of TB infection among HIV-uninfected and first time participants, was 54% (n = 334/620). HIV prevalence was 5% (n = 40/816). HIV infection was not significantly associated with TST positivity (p = 0.07). In the combined survey dataset, TB prevalence was 45% (n = 645/1451), and was associated with increasing age and male gender. Force of infection increased with age, from 3% to 7.3% in adolescents [greater than or equal to]20 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: We show a high force of infection among adolescents, positively associated with increasing age. We postulate this is due to increased social contact with infectious TB cases. Control of the TB epidemic in this setting will require reducing the force of infection. DA - 2011 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/1471-2334-11-156 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - BMC Infectious Diseases LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2011 T1 - Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study TI - Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14856 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14856
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-11-156
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMiddelkoop K, Bekker L, Liang H, Aquino L, Sebastian E, Myer L, et al. Force of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation study. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2011; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14856.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDesmond Tutu HIV Centreen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2011 Middelkoop et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceBMC Infectious Diseasesen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcinfectdis/en_ZA
dc.subject.othertransmission dynamics of tuberculosis (TB)en_ZA
dc.subject.otherhigh TB and HIV prevalent settingsen_ZA
dc.subject.othertuberculin skin test (TST)en_ZA
dc.subject.otherHIV surveyen_ZA
dc.subject.otherMycobacterium tuberculosisen_ZA
dc.titleForce of tuberculosis infection among adolescents in a high HIV and TB prevalence community: a cross-sectional observation studyen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Middelkoop_Force_of_tuberculosis_infection_2011.pdf
Size:
797.79 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
Journal Articles