Passive smoking and meningococcal disease

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorCoetzee, Nicolen_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorHussey, Gregory Den_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMoodley, Jennifer Ren_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-25T14:01:15Z
dc.date.available2018-01-25T14:01:15Z
dc.date.issued1997en_ZA
dc.description.abstractNeiserria meningitidis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in South Africa (SA). It is the sixth commonest cause of notified disease with a case fatality rate of 11% for the period 1990 1994. Identification of preventable risk factors is critical as no effective vaccine exists for serogroup B, the most prevalent serogroup in SA. A case control study was undertaken to determine the risk factors associated with meningococcal disease. The study population consisted of all children under the age of 14 years who were residents of the Cape Town City Council and Cape Metropolitan Council areas of jurisdiction. Cases were identified from weekly notification reports and from admissions to the City Hospital for Infectious Diseases. Controls were selected from the trauma wards at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital. Data was analyzed using EPI INFO and SAS statistical software. During the period October 1993 to January 1995 70 cases and 210 controls were interviewed. Cases were significantly younger than controls (p = 0.0001). On univariate analysis significant risk factors for meningococcal disease included: a household where 2 or more members smoked (odds ratio (OR) =1.8), recent upper respiratory tract infection (OR= 1.8), poor nutritional status (OR= 3.6), being breastfed for less than 3 months (OR= 2.7) and overcrowding (OR= 2.8). After adjusting for confounders, the main force of passive smoking as a risk factor for meningococcal disease appeared to be in the presence of a recent upper respiratory tract infection. Other factors that remained significant after adjusting for confounders included: being breastfed for less than three months (adjusted OR= 2.4) and being less than 4 years old (adjusted OR= 2.3). This is the first case control study in South Africa examining risk factors associated with meningococcal disease. The study provides further evidence for the reduction of smoking, reduction of overcrowding and the promotion of breast-feeding as important public health measures. It also identifies children under the age of 4 years as an important target group should an effective vaccine become available.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMoodley, J. R. (1997). <i>Passive smoking and meningococcal disease</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27008en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMoodley, Jennifer R. <i>"Passive smoking and meningococcal disease."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27008en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMoodley, J. 1997. Passive smoking and meningococcal disease. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Moodley, Jennifer R AB - Neiserria meningitidis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in South Africa (SA). It is the sixth commonest cause of notified disease with a case fatality rate of 11% for the period 1990 1994. Identification of preventable risk factors is critical as no effective vaccine exists for serogroup B, the most prevalent serogroup in SA. A case control study was undertaken to determine the risk factors associated with meningococcal disease. The study population consisted of all children under the age of 14 years who were residents of the Cape Town City Council and Cape Metropolitan Council areas of jurisdiction. Cases were identified from weekly notification reports and from admissions to the City Hospital for Infectious Diseases. Controls were selected from the trauma wards at Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital. Data was analyzed using EPI INFO and SAS statistical software. During the period October 1993 to January 1995 70 cases and 210 controls were interviewed. Cases were significantly younger than controls (p = 0.0001). On univariate analysis significant risk factors for meningococcal disease included: a household where 2 or more members smoked (odds ratio (OR) =1.8), recent upper respiratory tract infection (OR= 1.8), poor nutritional status (OR= 3.6), being breastfed for less than 3 months (OR= 2.7) and overcrowding (OR= 2.8). After adjusting for confounders, the main force of passive smoking as a risk factor for meningococcal disease appeared to be in the presence of a recent upper respiratory tract infection. Other factors that remained significant after adjusting for confounders included: being breastfed for less than three months (adjusted OR= 2.4) and being less than 4 years old (adjusted OR= 2.3). This is the first case control study in South Africa examining risk factors associated with meningococcal disease. The study provides further evidence for the reduction of smoking, reduction of overcrowding and the promotion of breast-feeding as important public health measures. It also identifies children under the age of 4 years as an important target group should an effective vaccine become available. DA - 1997 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 1997 T1 - Passive smoking and meningococcal disease TI - Passive smoking and meningococcal disease UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27008 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/27008
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMoodley JR. Passive smoking and meningococcal disease. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, 1997 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27008en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Public Health and Family Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherPublic Healthen_ZA
dc.titlePassive smoking and meningococcal diseaseen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMMeden_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
thesis_hsf_1997_moodley_jennifer_r.pdf
Size:
3.87 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
Masters