The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)

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dc.contributor.authorDouglass, Nicola
dc.contributor.authorOmar, Ruzaiq
dc.contributor.authorMunyanduki, Henry
dc.contributor.authorSuzuki, Akiko
dc.contributor.authorde Moor, Warren
dc.contributor.authorMutowembwa, Paidamwoyo
dc.contributor.authorPretorius, Alri
dc.contributor.authorNefefe, Tshifhiwa
dc.contributor.authorSchalkwyk, Antoinette van
dc.contributor.authorKara, Pravesh
dc.contributor.authorHeath, Livio
dc.contributor.authorWilliamson, Anna-Lise
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-29T17:35:13Z
dc.date.available2021-11-29T17:35:13Z
dc.date.issued2021-10-20
dc.date.updated2021-11-25T16:00:03Z
dc.description.abstractDual vaccines (<i>n</i> = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDV∆SOD-UCT or nLSDVSODis-UCT. The inserted gene cassettes were confirmed by PCR; and BEFV protein was shown to be expressed by immunofluorescence. The candidate dual vaccines were initially tested in a rabbit model; neutralization assays using the South African BEFV vaccine (B-Phemeral) strain showed an African consensus G protein gene (Gb) to give superior neutralization compared to the Australian (Ga) gene. The two LSDV backbones expressing both Gb and M BEFV genes were tested in cattle and shown to elicit neutralizing responses to LSDV as well as BEFV after two inoculations 4 weeks apart. The vaccines were safe in cattle and all vaccinated animals were protected against virulent LSDV challenge, unlike a group of control naïve animals, which developed clinical LSD. Both neutralizing and T cell responses to LSDV were stimulated upon challenge. After two inoculations, all vaccinated animals produced BEFV neutralizing antibodies ≥ 1/20, which is considered protective for BEF.en_US
dc.identifierdoi: 10.3390/vaccines9111215
dc.identifier.apacitationDouglass, N., Omar, R., Munyanduki, H., Suzuki, A., de Moor, W., Mutowembwa, P., ... Williamson, A. (2021). The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF). <i>Vaccines</i>, 9(11), 1215. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35401en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationDouglass, Nicola, Ruzaiq Omar, Henry Munyanduki, Akiko Suzuki, Warren de Moor, Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa, Alri Pretorius, et al "The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)." <i>Vaccines</i> 9, 11. (2021): 1215. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35401en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationDouglass, N., Omar, R., Munyanduki, H., Suzuki, A., de Moor, W., Mutowembwa, P., Pretorius, A. & Nefefe, T. et al. 2021. The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF). <i>Vaccines.</i> 9(11):1215. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35401en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Douglass, Nicola AU - Omar, Ruzaiq AU - Munyanduki, Henry AU - Suzuki, Akiko AU - de Moor, Warren AU - Mutowembwa, Paidamwoyo AU - Pretorius, Alri AU - Nefefe, Tshifhiwa AU - Schalkwyk, Antoinette van AU - Kara, Pravesh AU - Heath, Livio AU - Williamson, Anna-Lise AB - Dual vaccines (<i>n</i> = 6) against both lumpy skin disease (LSD) and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) were constructed, based on the BEFV glycoprotein (G) gene, with or without the BEFV matrix (M) protein gene, inserted into one of two different LSDV backbones, nLSDV∆SOD-UCT or nLSDVSODis-UCT. The inserted gene cassettes were confirmed by PCR; and BEFV protein was shown to be expressed by immunofluorescence. The candidate dual vaccines were initially tested in a rabbit model; neutralization assays using the South African BEFV vaccine (B-Phemeral) strain showed an African consensus G protein gene (Gb) to give superior neutralization compared to the Australian (Ga) gene. The two LSDV backbones expressing both Gb and M BEFV genes were tested in cattle and shown to elicit neutralizing responses to LSDV as well as BEFV after two inoculations 4 weeks apart. The vaccines were safe in cattle and all vaccinated animals were protected against virulent LSDV challenge, unlike a group of control naïve animals, which developed clinical LSD. Both neutralizing and T cell responses to LSDV were stimulated upon challenge. After two inoculations, all vaccinated animals produced BEFV neutralizing antibodies ≥ 1/20, which is considered protective for BEF. DA - 2021-10-20 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 11 J1 - Vaccines LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2021 T1 - The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) TI - The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35401 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/35401
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationDouglass N, Omar R, Munyanduki H, Suzuki A, de Moor W, Mutowembwa P, et al. The Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF). Vaccines. 2021;9(11):1215. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35401.en_ZA
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Virologyen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceVaccinesen_US
dc.source.journalissue11en_US
dc.source.journalvolume9en_US
dc.source.pagination1215en_US
dc.source.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/vaccines
dc.titleThe Development of Dual Vaccines against Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF)en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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