"Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions

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dc.contributor.authorTeske, Peteren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRius, Marcen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMcQuaid, Christopheren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStyan, Craigen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPiggott, Maxineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBenhissoune, Saiden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFuentes-Grunewald, Claudioen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWalls, Kathyen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPage, Mikeen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAttard, Catherineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCooke, Georginaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMcClusky, Claireen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBanks, Samen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBarker, Nigelen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBeheregaray, Lucien_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-18T04:04:10Z
dc.date.available2015-11-18T04:04:10Z
dc.date.issued2011en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Ecosystem engineers facilitate habitat formation and enhance biodiversity, but when they become invasive, they present a critical threat to native communities because they can drastically alter the receiving habitat. Management of such species thus needs to be a priority, but the poorly resolved taxonomy of many ecosystem engineers represents a major obstacle to correctly identifying them as being either native or introduced. We address this dilemma by studying the sea squirt Pyura stolonifera, an important ecosystem engineer that dominates coastal communities particularly in the southern hemisphere. Using DNA sequence data from four independently evolving loci, we aimed to determine levels of cryptic diversity, the invasive or native status of each regional population, and the most appropriate sampling design for identifying the geographic ranges of each evolutionary unit. RESULTS: Extensive sampling in Africa, Australasia and South America revealed the existence of "nested" levels of cryptic diversity, in which at least five distinct species can be further subdivided into smaller-scale genetic lineages. The ranges of several evolutionary units are limited by well-documented biogeographic disjunctions. Evidence for both cryptic native diversity and the existence of invasive populations allows us to considerably refine our view of the native versus introduced status of the evolutionary units within Pyura stolonifera in the different coastal communities they dominate. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates the degree of taxonomic complexity that can exist within widespread species for which there is little taxonomic expertise, and it highlights the challenges involved in distinguishing between indigenous and introduced populations. The fact that multiple genetic lineages can be native to a single geographic region indicates that it is imperative to obtain samples from as many different habitat types and biotic zones as possible when attempting to identify the source region of a putative invader. "Nested" cryptic diversity, and the difficulties in correctly identifying invasive species that arise from it, represent a major challenge for managing biodiversity.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationTeske, P., Rius, M., McQuaid, C., Styan, C., Piggott, M., Benhissoune, S., ... Beheregaray, L. (2011). "Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions. <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15109en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationTeske, Peter, Marc Rius, Christopher McQuaid, Craig Styan, Maxine Piggott, Said Benhissoune, Claudio Fuentes-Grunewald, et al ""Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions." <i>BMC Evolutionary Biology</i> (2011) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15109en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationTeske, P. R., Rius, M., McQuaid, C. D., Styan, C. A., Piggott, M. P., Benhissoune, S., ... & Beheregaray, L. B. (2011). Nested” cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions. BMC evolutionary biology, 11(1), 176.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Teske, Peter AU - Rius, Marc AU - McQuaid, Christopher AU - Styan, Craig AU - Piggott, Maxine AU - Benhissoune, Said AU - Fuentes-Grunewald, Claudio AU - Walls, Kathy AU - Page, Mike AU - Attard, Catherine AU - Cooke, Georgina AU - McClusky, Claire AU - Banks, Sam AU - Barker, Nigel AU - Beheregaray, Luci AB - BACKGROUND: Ecosystem engineers facilitate habitat formation and enhance biodiversity, but when they become invasive, they present a critical threat to native communities because they can drastically alter the receiving habitat. Management of such species thus needs to be a priority, but the poorly resolved taxonomy of many ecosystem engineers represents a major obstacle to correctly identifying them as being either native or introduced. We address this dilemma by studying the sea squirt Pyura stolonifera, an important ecosystem engineer that dominates coastal communities particularly in the southern hemisphere. Using DNA sequence data from four independently evolving loci, we aimed to determine levels of cryptic diversity, the invasive or native status of each regional population, and the most appropriate sampling design for identifying the geographic ranges of each evolutionary unit. RESULTS: Extensive sampling in Africa, Australasia and South America revealed the existence of "nested" levels of cryptic diversity, in which at least five distinct species can be further subdivided into smaller-scale genetic lineages. The ranges of several evolutionary units are limited by well-documented biogeographic disjunctions. Evidence for both cryptic native diversity and the existence of invasive populations allows us to considerably refine our view of the native versus introduced status of the evolutionary units within Pyura stolonifera in the different coastal communities they dominate. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates the degree of taxonomic complexity that can exist within widespread species for which there is little taxonomic expertise, and it highlights the challenges involved in distinguishing between indigenous and introduced populations. The fact that multiple genetic lineages can be native to a single geographic region indicates that it is imperative to obtain samples from as many different habitat types and biotic zones as possible when attempting to identify the source region of a putative invader. "Nested" cryptic diversity, and the difficulties in correctly identifying invasive species that arise from it, represent a major challenge for managing biodiversity. DA - 2011 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/1471-2148-11-176 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - BMC Evolutionary Biology LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2011 T1 - "Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions TI - "Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15109 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/15109
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-176
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationTeske P, Rius M, McQuaid C, Styan C, Piggott M, Benhissoune S, et al. "Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasions. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2011; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15109.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Biological Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2011 Teske et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceBMC Evolutionary Biologyen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcevolbiol/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherCryptic diversityen_ZA
dc.subject.otherTaxonomic complexityen_ZA
dc.subject.otherTaxonomic expertiseen_ZA
dc.title"Nested" cryptic diversity in a widespread marine ecosystem engineer: a challenge for detecting biological invasionsen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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