Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine

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dc.contributor.advisorDheda, Keertanen_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorPeter, Jonathanen_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorGovender, Ureshnieen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMuchinga, Tapuwa Enwellen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-29T09:08:40Z
dc.date.available2014-07-29T09:08:40Z
dc.date.issued2012en_ZA
dc.descriptionIncludes abstract.
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references.
dc.description.abstractTwo thirds of new TB cases in sub-Saharan Africa are HIV coinfected. HIV-TB co-infection increases the incidence of extra-pulmonary, sputum smear-negative and sputum-scarce TB. In these vulnerable patientgroups with high mortality rates, sputum-based diagnostic tools are unhelpful. Urine-based diagnostics offer an attractive, easily available alternative for rapid diagnosis. We evaluated the point-of-care urine LAM strip test (Determine TB LAM Ag test, Alere) and urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF for TB diagnosis in two patient cohorts with high HIV prevalence. A spot urine sample was collected from two cohorts of persons with suspected TB. The first cohort consisted of ambulatory primary care clinic patients suspected of having TB (group 1) whilst the second comprised hospitalised patients with suspected HIV co-infection (group 2). The urine LAM ELISA, LAM strip test and Xpert MTB/RIF were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In addition, the effects of using an alternative ‘rulein’ cut-point for the urine LAM strip test and a pelleted (2-10ml) urine sample for Xpert MTB/RIF testing on diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader reliability was assessed. The diagnostic reference standard was M. tuberculosis culture positivity.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMuchinga, T. E. (2012). <i>Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Medicine. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3437en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMuchinga, Tapuwa Enwell. <i>"Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Medicine, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3437en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMuchinga, T. 2012. Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Muchinga, Tapuwa Enwell AB - Two thirds of new TB cases in sub-Saharan Africa are HIV coinfected. HIV-TB co-infection increases the incidence of extra-pulmonary, sputum smear-negative and sputum-scarce TB. In these vulnerable patientgroups with high mortality rates, sputum-based diagnostic tools are unhelpful. Urine-based diagnostics offer an attractive, easily available alternative for rapid diagnosis. We evaluated the point-of-care urine LAM strip test (Determine TB LAM Ag test, Alere) and urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF for TB diagnosis in two patient cohorts with high HIV prevalence. A spot urine sample was collected from two cohorts of persons with suspected TB. The first cohort consisted of ambulatory primary care clinic patients suspected of having TB (group 1) whilst the second comprised hospitalised patients with suspected HIV co-infection (group 2). The urine LAM ELISA, LAM strip test and Xpert MTB/RIF were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In addition, the effects of using an alternative ‘rulein’ cut-point for the urine LAM strip test and a pelleted (2-10ml) urine sample for Xpert MTB/RIF testing on diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader reliability was assessed. The diagnostic reference standard was M. tuberculosis culture positivity. DA - 2012 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2012 T1 - Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine TI - Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3437 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/3437
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMuchinga TE. Utility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urine. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Medicine, 2012 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3437en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherMedicineen_ZA
dc.titleUtility of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis using human urineen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMMeden_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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