Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans

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dc.contributor.authorMazidi, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorKengne, André Pascal
dc.contributor.authorMikhailidis, Dimitri P
dc.contributor.authorToth, Peter P
dc.contributor.authorRay, Kausik K
dc.contributor.authorBanach, Maciej
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T07:08:18Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T07:08:18Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractAIM: To investigate the association of major dietary patterns with glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters in a large American sample. The association between dietary patterns (DP) derived via principal components analysis (PCA), with glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters was assessed. The likelihood of insulin resistance (IR) across the DPs quarters was also explored. METHOD: The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants during 2005-2012 were included if they underwent measurement of dietary intake as well as glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and adjusted logistic and linear regression models were employed to account for the complex survey design and sample weights. RESULTS: A total of 24,182 participants were included; 48.9% (n = 11,815) were men. Applying PCA revealed three DP (56.8% of variance): the first was comprised mainly of saturated fat (SFA), total fat, mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and carbohydrate (CHO); the second is highly enriched with vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber; and the third was composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and protein. Among the total population, after adjustment for age, sex, race, C-reactive protein, smoking, and physical activity, glucose homeostasis factors, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product improved across the quarters of the first and third DP; and a reverse pattern with the second DP. The same trend was observed for the non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, subjects with higher adherence to the first and third DP had higher likelihood for developing IR, whereas there was a lower likelihood for the second DP. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the DP heavily loaded with CHO, SFA, PUFA, protein, total fat and MUFA as well as high-cholesterol-load foods is associated with impaired glucose tolerance; in contrast, the healthy pattern which is high in vitamins, minerals and fiber may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.
dc.identifier.apacitationMazidi, M., Kengne, A. P., Mikhailidis, D. P., Toth, P. P., Ray, K. K., & Banach, M. (2017). Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans. <i>Lipids in Health and Disease</i>, 16(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34550en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMazidi, Mohsen, André Pascal Kengne, Dimitri P Mikhailidis, Peter P Toth, Kausik K Ray, and Maciej Banach "Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans." <i>Lipids in Health and Disease</i> 16, 1. (2017): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34550en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMazidi, M., Kengne, A.P., Mikhailidis, D.P., Toth, P.P., Ray, K.K. & Banach, M. 2017. Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans. <i>Lipids in Health and Disease.</i> 16(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34550en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1476-511X
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Mazidi, Mohsen AU - Kengne, André Pascal AU - Mikhailidis, Dimitri P AU - Toth, Peter P AU - Ray, Kausik K AU - Banach, Maciej AB - AIM: To investigate the association of major dietary patterns with glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters in a large American sample. The association between dietary patterns (DP) derived via principal components analysis (PCA), with glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters was assessed. The likelihood of insulin resistance (IR) across the DPs quarters was also explored. METHOD: The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants during 2005-2012 were included if they underwent measurement of dietary intake as well as glucose and insulin homeostasis parameters. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and adjusted logistic and linear regression models were employed to account for the complex survey design and sample weights. RESULTS: A total of 24,182 participants were included; 48.9% (n = 11,815) were men. Applying PCA revealed three DP (56.8% of variance): the first was comprised mainly of saturated fat (SFA), total fat, mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and carbohydrate (CHO); the second is highly enriched with vitamins, trace elements and dietary fiber; and the third was composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), cholesterol and protein. Among the total population, after adjustment for age, sex, race, C-reactive protein, smoking, and physical activity, glucose homeostasis factors, visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product improved across the quarters of the first and third DP; and a reverse pattern with the second DP. The same trend was observed for the non-diabetic subjects. Moreover, subjects with higher adherence to the first and third DP had higher likelihood for developing IR, whereas there was a lower likelihood for the second DP. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the DP heavily loaded with CHO, SFA, PUFA, protein, total fat and MUFA as well as high-cholesterol-load foods is associated with impaired glucose tolerance; in contrast, the healthy pattern which is high in vitamins, minerals and fiber may have favourable effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. DA - 2017 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - Lipids in Health and Disease LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2017 SM - 1476-511X T1 - Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans TI - Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34550 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/34550
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMazidi M, Kengne AP, Mikhailidis DP, Toth PP, Ray KK, Banach M. Dietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2017;16(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34550.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Medicine
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceLipids in Health and Disease
dc.source.journalissue1
dc.source.journalvolume16
dc.source.pagination174 - 177
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12944-017-0571-x
dc.subject.otherDietary patterns
dc.subject.otherGlucose homeostasis
dc.subject.otherInsulin homeostasis
dc.subject.otherInsulin resistance
dc.titleDietary food patterns and glucose/insulin homeostasis: a cross-sectional study involving 24,182 adult Americans
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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