Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor

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dc.contributor.advisorHarrison, STLen_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorFenner, Carynen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMatongo, Tarisayi Martinen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-20T07:09:15Z
dc.date.available2016-07-20T07:09:15Z
dc.date.issued2016en_ZA
dc.description.abstractResistance to antibiotics by microbial pathogens continues to be a major global health problem. Treatment of bacterial infections is becoming increasingly complex and expensive. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, is affected by antibiotic resistance. In South Africa, the Western Province is the worst affected, with an increasing incidence of both multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains of M. tuberculosis. Both resistant forms of TB increase the length of treatment to almost 24 months and cost by as much as 1400 times that of regular anti-tubercular chemotherapy. A potential solution to this problem is the discovery of new drugs, which can be obtained from natural sources. Actinomycetes are good sources of these drugs, with over 45% of current medicines derived from these bacteria. The actinobacterium Streptomyces polyantibioticus SPRT (SPRT) was locally isolated and first described by Le Roes (2006). It has been shown to produce bioactive molecules active against a range of bacteria, including compounds (drugs) that have anti-tubercular properties. One of the anti-tubercular molecules was identified as 2,5-diphenyloxazole (DPO). DPO is currently used as a component of scintillation fluid for its luminescent properties and is synthesised chemically in industry. SPRT is the only reported biological source of DPO, it is however not yet produced commercially via a biological route. The present study was performed to inform future process development of DPO production from SPRT. An investigation into the growth and production of antimicrobial compounds from submerged cultures of SPRT in shake flasks, and scale-up of the process into a laboratory stirred tank bioreactor (STR) was done in the present study. The work focused on obtaining growth kinetics and suitable operating conditions for cultivation. Characterisation of the growth profile of SPRT and determination of the kinetic growth parameters was carried out. Additionally, the antimicrobial production phases, and factors influencing their production was investigated. It was determined that the most reliable method of measuring biomass concentration was by dry cell gravimetric measurement of whole shake flasks following vacuum filtration, as it best suited the non-homogenous filamentous nature of SPRT.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMatongo, T. M. (2016). <i>Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20508en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMatongo, Tarisayi Martin. <i>"Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20508en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMatongo, T. 2016. Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.risTY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Matongo, Tarisayi Martin AB - Resistance to antibiotics by microbial pathogens continues to be a major global health problem. Treatment of bacterial infections is becoming increasingly complex and expensive. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, is affected by antibiotic resistance. In South Africa, the Western Province is the worst affected, with an increasing incidence of both multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains of M. tuberculosis. Both resistant forms of TB increase the length of treatment to almost 24 months and cost by as much as 1400 times that of regular anti-tubercular chemotherapy. A potential solution to this problem is the discovery of new drugs, which can be obtained from natural sources. Actinomycetes are good sources of these drugs, with over 45% of current medicines derived from these bacteria. The actinobacterium Streptomyces polyantibioticus SPRT (SPRT) was locally isolated and first described by Le Roes (2006). It has been shown to produce bioactive molecules active against a range of bacteria, including compounds (drugs) that have anti-tubercular properties. One of the anti-tubercular molecules was identified as 2,5-diphenyloxazole (DPO). DPO is currently used as a component of scintillation fluid for its luminescent properties and is synthesised chemically in industry. SPRT is the only reported biological source of DPO, it is however not yet produced commercially via a biological route. The present study was performed to inform future process development of DPO production from SPRT. An investigation into the growth and production of antimicrobial compounds from submerged cultures of SPRT in shake flasks, and scale-up of the process into a laboratory stirred tank bioreactor (STR) was done in the present study. The work focused on obtaining growth kinetics and suitable operating conditions for cultivation. Characterisation of the growth profile of SPRT and determination of the kinetic growth parameters was carried out. Additionally, the antimicrobial production phases, and factors influencing their production was investigated. It was determined that the most reliable method of measuring biomass concentration was by dry cell gravimetric measurement of whole shake flasks following vacuum filtration, as it best suited the non-homogenous filamentous nature of SPRT. DA - 2016 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2016 T1 - Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor TI - Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20508 ER -en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/20508
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMatongo TM. Preliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactor. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Centre for Bioprocess Engineering Research, 2016 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20508en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentCentre for Bioprocess Engineering Research
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Engineering and the Built Environment
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherBioprocess Engineeringen_ZA
dc.titlePreliminary investigation of growth and antimicrobial production by streptomyces polyantibioticus : from shake flask to stirred tank bioreactoren_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMSc (Eng)en_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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