Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population?

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dc.contributor.authorPretorius, Sandraen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStewart, Simonen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCarrington, Melinda Jen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLamont, Kimen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSliwa, Karenen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCrowther, Nigel Jen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-11T14:26:55Z
dc.date.available2015-11-11T14:26:55Z
dc.date.issued2015en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBeyond changing dietary patterns, there is a paucity of data to fully explain the high prevalence of obesity and hypertension in urban African populations. The aim of this study was to determine whether other environmental factors (including sleep duration, smoking and physical activity) are related to body anthropometry and blood pressure (BP). Data were collected on 1311 subjects, attending two primary health care clinics in Soweto, South Africa. Questionnaires were used to obtain data on education, employment, exercise, smoking and sleep duration. Anthropometric and BP measurements were taken. Subjects comprised 862 women (mean age 41 ± 16 years and mean BMI 29.9 ± 9.2 kg/m 2 ) and 449 men (38 ± 14 years and 24.8 ± 8.3 kg/m 2 ). In females, ANOVA showed that former smokers had a higher BMI (p<0.001) than current smokers, while exposure to second hand smoking was associated with a lower BMI (p<0.001) in both genders. Regression analyses demonstrated that longer sleep duration was associated with a lower BMI (p<0.05) in older females only, and not in males, whilst in males napping during the day for > 30 minutes was related to a lower BMI (β = -0.04, p<0.01) and waist circumference (β = -0.03, p<0.001). Within males, napping for >30 minutes/day was related to lower systolic (β = -0.02, p<0.05) and lower diastolic BP (β = -0.02, p = 0.05). Longer night time sleep duration was associated with higher diastolic (β = 0.005, p<0.01) and systolic BP (β = 0.003, p<0.05) in females. No health benefits were noted for physical activity. These data suggest that environmental factors rarely collected in African populations are related, in gender-specific ways, to body anthropometry and blood pressure. Further research is required to fully elucidate these associations and how they might be translated into public health programs to combat high levels of obesity and hypertension.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationPretorius, S., Stewart, S., Carrington, M. J., Lamont, K., Sliwa, K., & Crowther, N. J. (2015). Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population?. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14919en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationPretorius, Sandra, Simon Stewart, Melinda J Carrington, Kim Lamont, Karen Sliwa, and Nigel J Crowther "Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population?." <i>PLoS One</i> (2015) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14919en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationPretorius, S., Stewart, S., Carrington, M. J., Lamont, K., Sliwa, K., & Crowther, N. J. (2015). Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population?. PloS one, 10(10), e0131081. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131081en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Pretorius, Sandra AU - Stewart, Simon AU - Carrington, Melinda J AU - Lamont, Kim AU - Sliwa, Karen AU - Crowther, Nigel J AB - Beyond changing dietary patterns, there is a paucity of data to fully explain the high prevalence of obesity and hypertension in urban African populations. The aim of this study was to determine whether other environmental factors (including sleep duration, smoking and physical activity) are related to body anthropometry and blood pressure (BP). Data were collected on 1311 subjects, attending two primary health care clinics in Soweto, South Africa. Questionnaires were used to obtain data on education, employment, exercise, smoking and sleep duration. Anthropometric and BP measurements were taken. Subjects comprised 862 women (mean age 41 ± 16 years and mean BMI 29.9 ± 9.2 kg/m 2 ) and 449 men (38 ± 14 years and 24.8 ± 8.3 kg/m 2 ). In females, ANOVA showed that former smokers had a higher BMI (p<0.001) than current smokers, while exposure to second hand smoking was associated with a lower BMI (p<0.001) in both genders. Regression analyses demonstrated that longer sleep duration was associated with a lower BMI (p<0.05) in older females only, and not in males, whilst in males napping during the day for > 30 minutes was related to a lower BMI (β = -0.04, p<0.01) and waist circumference (β = -0.03, p<0.001). Within males, napping for >30 minutes/day was related to lower systolic (β = -0.02, p<0.05) and lower diastolic BP (β = -0.02, p = 0.05). Longer night time sleep duration was associated with higher diastolic (β = 0.005, p<0.01) and systolic BP (β = 0.003, p<0.05) in females. No health benefits were noted for physical activity. These data suggest that environmental factors rarely collected in African populations are related, in gender-specific ways, to body anthropometry and blood pressure. Further research is required to fully elucidate these associations and how they might be translated into public health programs to combat high levels of obesity and hypertension. DA - 2015 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0131081 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2015 T1 - Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population? TI - Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population? UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14919 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14919
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131081
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationPretorius S, Stewart S, Carrington MJ, Lamont K, Sliwa K, Crowther NJ. Is there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population?. PLoS One. 2015; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14919.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Cardiologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2015 Pretorius et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLoS Oneen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosoneen_ZA
dc.subject.otherSleepen_ZA
dc.subject.otherObesityen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHypertensionen_ZA
dc.subject.otherAnthropometryen_ZA
dc.titleIs there an association between sleeping patterns and other environmental factors with obesity and blood pressure in an urban African population?en_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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