Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions

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dc.contributor.advisorVerboom, Tonyen_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorBergh, Nicolaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBentley, Joanneen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2014-11-05T03:56:03Z
dc.date.available2014-11-05T03:56:03Z
dc.date.issued2014en_ZA
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractThe true circumscription and subtribal division of Gnaphalieae is currently not known, and a series of recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have indicated that the previously-accepted subtribal delimitation of Anderberg (1991) comprises non-monophyletic entities (Bayer et al. 2000; Bergh & Linder 2009; Ward et al. 2009). Anderberg's (1991) morphological parsimony analysis identified five subtribes, including the largely southern African subtribe Relhaniinae, considered by Linder (2003) to be the tenth-largest “Cape Floral Clade”, as well as a non-classified group of taxa which he considered putatively “basal” to Gnaphalieae. A subsequent molecular analysis (Bayer et al. 2000) indicated that many of the taxa from Anderberg's (1991) subtribe Relhaniinae and the southern African members of the “basal taxa” constitute a single lineage. This lineage, termed the “Relhania clade” by Bergh & Linder (2009), is identified by several studies as the earliest-diverging lineage in Gnaphalieae (Bayer et al. 2000; Bergh & Linder 2009; Ward et al. 2009). The Relhania clade (whose members will hereafter also be referred to as “relhanioid” taxa) forms the focus of this thesis. To date, only placeholder representatives of relhanioid species have been represented in phylogenetic analyses (Bayer et al. 2000; Bergh & Linder 2009; Klaassen & Bergh 2012; Montes-Moreno et al. 2010; Smissen et al. 2011; Ward et al. 2009); thus the Relhania clade as currently defined comprises only 24 species. On morphological grounds, the following taxa are likely to be relhanioid: Antithrixia (monotypic), Arrowsmithia (monotypic), Athrixia (14 sp.), Comborhiza (ditypic), Leysera (3 sp.), Macowania (12 sp.), Nestlera (monotypic), Oedera (18 sp.), Oreoleysera (monotypic), Pentatrichia 4 (6 sp.), Phagnalon (41 sp.; three of which are subspecific), Relhania (13 sp.), Rhynchopsidium (2 sp.) and Rosenia (4 sp.). If all these taxa are confirmed to be members of the Relhania clade, the group will comprise a total of 119 species in 14 genera. Two further genera, Alatoseta (monotypic) and Philyrophyllum (ditypic) are believed to be closely-related to, if not members of, the Relhania clade (Anderberg 1991; Montes-Moreno et al. 2010) although they are morphologically anomalous taxa whose relationships are poorly understood.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationBentley, J. (2014). <i>Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Biological Sciences. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9190en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationBentley, Joanne. <i>"Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Biological Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9190en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationBentley, J. 2014. Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Bentley, Joanne AB - The true circumscription and subtribal division of Gnaphalieae is currently not known, and a series of recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have indicated that the previously-accepted subtribal delimitation of Anderberg (1991) comprises non-monophyletic entities (Bayer et al. 2000; Bergh & Linder 2009; Ward et al. 2009). Anderberg's (1991) morphological parsimony analysis identified five subtribes, including the largely southern African subtribe Relhaniinae, considered by Linder (2003) to be the tenth-largest “Cape Floral Clade”, as well as a non-classified group of taxa which he considered putatively “basal” to Gnaphalieae. A subsequent molecular analysis (Bayer et al. 2000) indicated that many of the taxa from Anderberg's (1991) subtribe Relhaniinae and the southern African members of the “basal taxa” constitute a single lineage. This lineage, termed the “Relhania clade” by Bergh & Linder (2009), is identified by several studies as the earliest-diverging lineage in Gnaphalieae (Bayer et al. 2000; Bergh & Linder 2009; Ward et al. 2009). The Relhania clade (whose members will hereafter also be referred to as “relhanioid” taxa) forms the focus of this thesis. To date, only placeholder representatives of relhanioid species have been represented in phylogenetic analyses (Bayer et al. 2000; Bergh & Linder 2009; Klaassen & Bergh 2012; Montes-Moreno et al. 2010; Smissen et al. 2011; Ward et al. 2009); thus the Relhania clade as currently defined comprises only 24 species. On morphological grounds, the following taxa are likely to be relhanioid: Antithrixia (monotypic), Arrowsmithia (monotypic), Athrixia (14 sp.), Comborhiza (ditypic), Leysera (3 sp.), Macowania (12 sp.), Nestlera (monotypic), Oedera (18 sp.), Oreoleysera (monotypic), Pentatrichia 4 (6 sp.), Phagnalon (41 sp.; three of which are subspecific), Relhania (13 sp.), Rhynchopsidium (2 sp.) and Rosenia (4 sp.). If all these taxa are confirmed to be members of the Relhania clade, the group will comprise a total of 119 species in 14 genera. Two further genera, Alatoseta (monotypic) and Philyrophyllum (ditypic) are believed to be closely-related to, if not members of, the Relhania clade (Anderberg 1991; Montes-Moreno et al. 2010) although they are morphologically anomalous taxa whose relationships are poorly understood. DA - 2014 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2014 T1 - Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions TI - Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9190 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/9190
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationBentley J. Phylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regions. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Science ,Department of Biological Sciences, 2014 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9190en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Biological Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.titlePhylogenetics and biogeography of the relhanioid paper-daisy lineage (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) : palaeoenvironmental evolution, migration and speciation in southern Africa and the greater Afrotemperate regionsen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMScen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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