The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use

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dc.contributor.authorDonald, Kirsten A M
dc.contributor.authorFernandez, Anne
dc.contributor.authorClaborn, Kasey
dc.contributor.authorKuo, Caroline
dc.contributor.authorKoen, Nastassja
dc.contributor.authorZar, Heather
dc.contributor.authorStein, Dan J
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-08T11:00:55Z
dc.date.available2021-10-08T11:00:55Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: There is growing evidence of the negative impact of alcohol on morbidity and mortality of individuals living with HIV but limited evidence of in utero effects of HIV and alcohol on exposure on infants. METHODS: We conducted a population-based birth cohort study (N = 667 mother-infant dyads) in South Africa to investigate whether maternal alcohol use and HIV affected gestational outcomes. Descriptive data analysis was conducted for all variables using frequency distributions, measures of central tendency, and estimates of variance. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to determine whether maternal alcohol use, maternal HIV status and other risk factors (socioeconomic status, smoking, depression) predicted infant outcomes. RESULTS: Our results showed severity of recent alcohol use and lifetime alcohol use predicted low birth weight. Similarly lifetime alcohol use predicted shorter infant length, smaller head length, smaller head circumference, and early gestational age. However, HIV status was not a significant predictor of gestational outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The unexpected finding that maternal HIV status did not predict any of the gestational outcomes may be due to high rates of ART usage among HIV-infected mothers. The potentially negative effects of HIV on gestational outcomes may have been attenuated by improved maternal health due to high coverage of antiretroviral treatment in South Africa. Interventions are needed to reduce alcohol consumption among pregnant mothers and to support healthy growth and psychosocial development of infants.
dc.identifier.apacitationDonald, K. A. M., Fernandez, A., Claborn, K., Kuo, C., Koen, N., Zar, H., & Stein, D. J. (2017). The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use. <i>AIDS Research and Therapy</i>, 14(1), 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35045en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationDonald, Kirsten A M, Anne Fernandez, Kasey Claborn, Caroline Kuo, Nastassja Koen, Heather Zar, and Dan J Stein "The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use." <i>AIDS Research and Therapy</i> 14, 1. (2017): 174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35045en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationDonald, K.A.M., Fernandez, A., Claborn, K., Kuo, C., Koen, N., Zar, H. & Stein, D.J. 2017. The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use. <i>AIDS Research and Therapy.</i> 14(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35045en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1742-6405
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Donald, Kirsten A M AU - Fernandez, Anne AU - Claborn, Kasey AU - Kuo, Caroline AU - Koen, Nastassja AU - Zar, Heather AU - Stein, Dan J AB - BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence of the negative impact of alcohol on morbidity and mortality of individuals living with HIV but limited evidence of in utero effects of HIV and alcohol on exposure on infants. METHODS: We conducted a population-based birth cohort study (N = 667 mother-infant dyads) in South Africa to investigate whether maternal alcohol use and HIV affected gestational outcomes. Descriptive data analysis was conducted for all variables using frequency distributions, measures of central tendency, and estimates of variance. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to determine whether maternal alcohol use, maternal HIV status and other risk factors (socioeconomic status, smoking, depression) predicted infant outcomes. RESULTS: Our results showed severity of recent alcohol use and lifetime alcohol use predicted low birth weight. Similarly lifetime alcohol use predicted shorter infant length, smaller head length, smaller head circumference, and early gestational age. However, HIV status was not a significant predictor of gestational outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The unexpected finding that maternal HIV status did not predict any of the gestational outcomes may be due to high rates of ART usage among HIV-infected mothers. The potentially negative effects of HIV on gestational outcomes may have been attenuated by improved maternal health due to high coverage of antiretroviral treatment in South Africa. Interventions are needed to reduce alcohol consumption among pregnant mothers and to support healthy growth and psychosocial development of infants. DA - 2017 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - AIDS Research and Therapy LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2017 SM - 1742-6405 T1 - The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use TI - The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35045 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/35045
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationDonald KAM, Fernandez A, Claborn K, Kuo C, Koen N, Zar H, et al. The developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use. AIDS Research and Therapy. 2017;14(1):174 - 177. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35045.en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.sourceAIDS Research and Therapy
dc.source.journalissue1
dc.source.journalvolume14
dc.source.pagination174 - 177
dc.source.urihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-017-0153-z
dc.subject.otherAlcohol
dc.subject.otherGestational outcomes
dc.subject.otherHIV
dc.subject.otherPregnancy
dc.subject.otherSouth Africa
dc.titleThe developmental effects of HIV and alcohol: a comparison of gestational outcomes among babies from South African communities with high prevalence of HIV and alcohol use
dc.typeJournal Article
uct.type.publicationResearch
uct.type.resourceJournal Article
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