Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa
dc.contributor.author | Jewkes, Rachel | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Morrell, Robert | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Sikweyiya, Yandisa | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Dunkle, Kristin | en_ZA |
dc.contributor.author | Penn-Kekana, Loveday | en_ZA |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-01-11T06:49:21Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-01-11T06:49:21Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2012 | en_ZA |
dc.description.abstract | BACKGROUND: South African policy makers are reviewing legislation of prostitution, concerned that criminalisation hampers HIV prevention. They seek to understand the relationship between transactional sex, prostitution, and the nature of the involved men. METHODS: 1645 randomly-selected adult South African men participated in a household study, disclosing whether they had sex with a woman in prostitution or had had a provider relationship (or sex), participation in crime and violence and completing psychological measures. These became outcomes in multivariable regression models, where the former were exposure variables. RESULTS: 51% of men had had a provider relationship and expected sex in return, 3% had had sex with a woman in prostitution, 15% men had done both of these and 31% neither. Provider role men, and those who had just had sex with a woman in prostitution, were socially conservative and quite violent. Yet the men who had done both (75% of those having sex with a woman in prostitution) were significantly more misogynist, highly scoring on dimensions of psychopathy, more sexually and physically violent to women, and extensively engaged in crime. They had often bullied at school, suggesting that this instrumental, self-seeking masculinity was manifest in childhood. The men who had not engaged in sex for economic exchange expressed a much less violent, more law abiding and gender equitable masculinity; challenging assumptions about the inevitability of intersections of age, poverty, crime and misogyny. CONCLUSIONS: Provider role relationships (or sex) are normative for low income men, but not having sex with a woman in prostitution. Men who do the latter operate extensively outside the law and their violence poses a substantial threat to women. Those drafting legislation and policy on the sex industry in South Africa need to distinguish between these two groups to avoid criminalising the normal, and consider measures to protect women. | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.apacitation | Jewkes, R., Morrell, R., Sikweyiya, Y., Dunkle, K., & Penn-Kekana, L. (2012). Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16232 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Jewkes, Rachel, Robert Morrell, Yandisa Sikweyiya, Kristin Dunkle, and Loveday Penn-Kekana "Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa." <i>PLoS One</i> (2012) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16232 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation | Jewkes, R., Morrell, R., Sikweyiya, Y., Dunkle, K., & Penn-Kekana, L. (2012). Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa. PLoS ONE, 7(7), e40821. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040821 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.ris | TY - Journal Article AU - Jewkes, Rachel AU - Morrell, Robert AU - Sikweyiya, Yandisa AU - Dunkle, Kristin AU - Penn-Kekana, Loveday AB - BACKGROUND: South African policy makers are reviewing legislation of prostitution, concerned that criminalisation hampers HIV prevention. They seek to understand the relationship between transactional sex, prostitution, and the nature of the involved men. METHODS: 1645 randomly-selected adult South African men participated in a household study, disclosing whether they had sex with a woman in prostitution or had had a provider relationship (or sex), participation in crime and violence and completing psychological measures. These became outcomes in multivariable regression models, where the former were exposure variables. RESULTS: 51% of men had had a provider relationship and expected sex in return, 3% had had sex with a woman in prostitution, 15% men had done both of these and 31% neither. Provider role men, and those who had just had sex with a woman in prostitution, were socially conservative and quite violent. Yet the men who had done both (75% of those having sex with a woman in prostitution) were significantly more misogynist, highly scoring on dimensions of psychopathy, more sexually and physically violent to women, and extensively engaged in crime. They had often bullied at school, suggesting that this instrumental, self-seeking masculinity was manifest in childhood. The men who had not engaged in sex for economic exchange expressed a much less violent, more law abiding and gender equitable masculinity; challenging assumptions about the inevitability of intersections of age, poverty, crime and misogyny. CONCLUSIONS: Provider role relationships (or sex) are normative for low income men, but not having sex with a woman in prostitution. Men who do the latter operate extensively outside the law and their violence poses a substantial threat to women. Those drafting legislation and policy on the sex industry in South Africa need to distinguish between these two groups to avoid criminalising the normal, and consider measures to protect women. DA - 2012 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0040821 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2012 T1 - Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa TI - Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16232 ER - | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040821 | en_ZA |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16232 | |
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Jewkes R, Morrell R, Sikweyiya Y, Dunkle K, Penn-Kekana L. Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa. PLoS One. 2012; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16232. | en_ZA |
dc.language.iso | eng | en_ZA |
dc.publisher | Public Library of Science | en_ZA |
dc.publisher.department | Research Office | en_ZA |
dc.publisher.faculty | The Enterprise | en_ZA |
dc.publisher.institution | University of Cape Town | |
dc.rights | This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. | en_ZA |
dc.rights.holder | © 2012 Jewkes et al | en_ZA |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 | en_ZA |
dc.source | PLoS One | en_ZA |
dc.source.uri | http://journals.plos.org/plosone | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Violent crime | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Rape and sexual assault | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Africans | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Weapons | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Behavior | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Schools | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | Intimate partner violence | en_ZA |
dc.subject.other | South Africa | en_ZA |
dc.title | Men, prostitution and the provider role: understanding the intersections of economic exchange, sex, crime and violence in South Africa | en_ZA |
dc.type | Journal Article | en_ZA |
uct.type.filetype | Text | |
uct.type.filetype | Image | |
uct.type.publication | Research | en_ZA |
uct.type.resource | Article | en_ZA |
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