Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans

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dc.contributor.authorRosenbaum, Howard Cen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPomilla, Cristinaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMendez, Martinen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLeslie, Matthew Sen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBest, Peter Ben_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFindlay, Ken Pen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMinton, Giannaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorErsts, Peter Jen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCollins, Timothyen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEngel, Marcia Hen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-01-02T05:09:33Z
dc.date.available2016-01-02T05:09:33Z
dc.date.issued2009en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAlthough humpback whales are among the best-studied of the large whales, population boundaries in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) have remained largely untested. We assess population structure of SH humpback whales using 1,527 samples collected from whales at fourteen sampling sites within the Southwestern and Southeastern Atlantic, the Southwestern Indian Ocean, and Northern Indian Ocean (Breeding Stocks A, B, C and X, respectively). Evaluation of mtDNA population structure and migration rates was carried out under different statistical frameworks. Using all genetic evidence, the results suggest significant degrees of population structure between all ocean basins, with the Southwestern and Northern Indian Ocean most differentiated from each other. Effective migration rates were highest between the Southeastern Atlantic and the Southwestern Indian Ocean, followed by rates within the Southeastern Atlantic, and the lowest between the Southwestern and Northern Indian Ocean. At finer scales, very low gene flow was detected between the two neighbouring sub-regions in the Southeastern Atlantic, compared to high gene flow for whales within the Southwestern Indian Ocean. Our genetic results support the current management designations proposed by the International Whaling Commission of Breeding Stocks A, B, C, and X as four strongly structured populations. The population structure patterns found in this study are likely to have been influenced by a combination of long-term maternally directed fidelity of migratory destinations, along with other ecological and oceanographic features in the region.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationRosenbaum, H. C., Pomilla, C., Mendez, M., Leslie, M. S., Best, P. B., Findlay, K. P., ... Engel, M. H. (2009). Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16194en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationRosenbaum, Howard C, Cristina Pomilla, Martin Mendez, Matthew S Leslie, Peter B Best, Ken P Findlay, Gianna Minton, Peter J Ersts, Timothy Collins, and Marcia H Engel "Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans." <i>PLoS One</i> (2009) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16194en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationRosenbaum, H. C., Pomilla, C., Mendez, M., Leslie, M. S., Best, P. B., Findlay, K. P., ... & Bonatto, S. L. (2009). Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans. PLoS One, 4(10), e7318. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007318en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Rosenbaum, Howard C AU - Pomilla, Cristina AU - Mendez, Martin AU - Leslie, Matthew S AU - Best, Peter B AU - Findlay, Ken P AU - Minton, Gianna AU - Ersts, Peter J AU - Collins, Timothy AU - Engel, Marcia H AB - Although humpback whales are among the best-studied of the large whales, population boundaries in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) have remained largely untested. We assess population structure of SH humpback whales using 1,527 samples collected from whales at fourteen sampling sites within the Southwestern and Southeastern Atlantic, the Southwestern Indian Ocean, and Northern Indian Ocean (Breeding Stocks A, B, C and X, respectively). Evaluation of mtDNA population structure and migration rates was carried out under different statistical frameworks. Using all genetic evidence, the results suggest significant degrees of population structure between all ocean basins, with the Southwestern and Northern Indian Ocean most differentiated from each other. Effective migration rates were highest between the Southeastern Atlantic and the Southwestern Indian Ocean, followed by rates within the Southeastern Atlantic, and the lowest between the Southwestern and Northern Indian Ocean. At finer scales, very low gene flow was detected between the two neighbouring sub-regions in the Southeastern Atlantic, compared to high gene flow for whales within the Southwestern Indian Ocean. Our genetic results support the current management designations proposed by the International Whaling Commission of Breeding Stocks A, B, C, and X as four strongly structured populations. The population structure patterns found in this study are likely to have been influenced by a combination of long-term maternally directed fidelity of migratory destinations, along with other ecological and oceanographic features in the region. DA - 2009 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0007318 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2009 T1 - Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans TI - Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16194 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007318en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/16194
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationRosenbaum HC, Pomilla C, Mendez M, Leslie MS, Best PB, Findlay KP, et al. Population structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans. PLoS One. 2009; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16194.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Oceanographyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2009 Rosenbaum et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLoS Oneen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosoneen_ZA
dc.subject.otherAnimal sexual behavioren_ZA
dc.subject.otherHumpback whalesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherIndian Oceanen_ZA
dc.subject.otherMitochondrial DNAen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHaplotypesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherGene flowen_ZA
dc.subject.otherAnimal migrationen_ZA
dc.subject.otherPopulation geneticsen_ZA
dc.titlePopulation structure of humpback whales from their breeding grounds in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceansen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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