Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling

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dc.contributor.advisorEkama, George Aen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBrink, Ien_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-10T14:13:21Z
dc.date.available2015-11-10T14:13:21Z
dc.date.issued2008en_ZA
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractHistorically wastewater treatment unit operation models have been developed in isolation. Attempts have been made at creating common platform models, which would allow modellers to speak a common language when researching wastewater treatment modelling. However, few attempts have been made at integrating different models into a plant-wide WWTP simulation model. Increasing pressure towards the optimisation of water treatment systems have prompted investigation into integrated WWTP modelling. The use of different state variables in WWTP unit operation models has meant that modelling incompatibilities exist in the theoretical coupling of certain models. Attempts made towards the development of integrated WWTP models have experienced difficulties due to a number of factors. State variables required in one model may be non-existent in other models, the definition of state variables may be different between different unit process models and compounds that are considered constant in a unit process model may be a state-variable in another unit process model Thus the difficulties in coupling different unit process models are mainly due to differences in state variable meaning and occurrence in different unit process models. Recent approaches towards the development of plant-wide WWTP simulation models have included the continuity based interfacing method (CBIM) of Vanrolleghem et al. (2005) and Volcke et al. (2006), the 'supermodel approach' of Jones &Tákacs (2004 cited in Grau et al 2007) and Seco et al. (2004 cited in Grau et al 2007) , the transformation based approach of Grau et al. (2007) and the mass balances based plant-wide WWTP model approach of Ekama et al. (2006 a,b), Sötemann et al. (2006) and Wentzel et al. (2006). The use of compounds in their elemental composition forms, viz. C, H, O, N, P and charge content, as part of a method to transform incompatible unit process state variables into compatible forms is a general theme in integrated modelling approaches. The elemental compositions of readily biodegradable (RB), slowly biodegradable (SB), unbiodegradable soluble (US) and unbiodegradable particulate (UP) organic compounds are often unknown. Little practical investigation into their determination for the purpose of integrated WWTP modelling has been performed. This project was therefore focussed on the determination of wastewater compound elemental compositions, with the inclusion of carbon data, for integrated WWTP modelling purposes. The aims of this project were therefore two fold, viz. an investigation into current whole WWTP integration model approaches and the performance evaluation of a simple batch test method for the determination of organic compound elemental compositions over a standard WWTP incorporating primary settling, an AS reactor as well as primary sludge and WAS anaerobic digestion. A simple anaerobic batch test approach towards determining wastewater organics total, biodegradable and unbiodegradable as well as soluble and particulate fraction elemental compound compositions was investigated. This approach was evaluated according to the fulfilment of three research objectives, viz. (1) the fractionation of raw wastewater, PS and WAS organics into biodegradable and unbiodegradable soluble and particulate components, (2) the fractionation of raw wastewater concentrations (C,N,COD,VS) into settlable and colloidal particulate organic material, (3) the determination of the organic compositions of the form CxHyOzNa for the above wastewater and sludge fractions. Research performed by Wentzel et al. (2006) and Ekama et al (2006 b) have supported the notion that organic material termed unbiodegradable from an activated sludge standpoint remain unbiodegradable under anaerobic digestion processes. Thus, the use of an anaerobic batch test method for determination of unbiodegradable organic compositions over a plant-wide WWTP was considered to be valid.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationBrink, I. (2008). <i>Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Department of Civil Engineering. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14796en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationBrink, I. <i>"Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Department of Civil Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14796en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationBrink, I. 2008. Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Brink, I AB - Historically wastewater treatment unit operation models have been developed in isolation. Attempts have been made at creating common platform models, which would allow modellers to speak a common language when researching wastewater treatment modelling. However, few attempts have been made at integrating different models into a plant-wide WWTP simulation model. Increasing pressure towards the optimisation of water treatment systems have prompted investigation into integrated WWTP modelling. The use of different state variables in WWTP unit operation models has meant that modelling incompatibilities exist in the theoretical coupling of certain models. Attempts made towards the development of integrated WWTP models have experienced difficulties due to a number of factors. State variables required in one model may be non-existent in other models, the definition of state variables may be different between different unit process models and compounds that are considered constant in a unit process model may be a state-variable in another unit process model Thus the difficulties in coupling different unit process models are mainly due to differences in state variable meaning and occurrence in different unit process models. Recent approaches towards the development of plant-wide WWTP simulation models have included the continuity based interfacing method (CBIM) of Vanrolleghem et al. (2005) and Volcke et al. (2006), the 'supermodel approach' of Jones &Tákacs (2004 cited in Grau et al 2007) and Seco et al. (2004 cited in Grau et al 2007) , the transformation based approach of Grau et al. (2007) and the mass balances based plant-wide WWTP model approach of Ekama et al. (2006 a,b), Sötemann et al. (2006) and Wentzel et al. (2006). The use of compounds in their elemental composition forms, viz. C, H, O, N, P and charge content, as part of a method to transform incompatible unit process state variables into compatible forms is a general theme in integrated modelling approaches. The elemental compositions of readily biodegradable (RB), slowly biodegradable (SB), unbiodegradable soluble (US) and unbiodegradable particulate (UP) organic compounds are often unknown. Little practical investigation into their determination for the purpose of integrated WWTP modelling has been performed. This project was therefore focussed on the determination of wastewater compound elemental compositions, with the inclusion of carbon data, for integrated WWTP modelling purposes. The aims of this project were therefore two fold, viz. an investigation into current whole WWTP integration model approaches and the performance evaluation of a simple batch test method for the determination of organic compound elemental compositions over a standard WWTP incorporating primary settling, an AS reactor as well as primary sludge and WAS anaerobic digestion. A simple anaerobic batch test approach towards determining wastewater organics total, biodegradable and unbiodegradable as well as soluble and particulate fraction elemental compound compositions was investigated. This approach was evaluated according to the fulfilment of three research objectives, viz. (1) the fractionation of raw wastewater, PS and WAS organics into biodegradable and unbiodegradable soluble and particulate components, (2) the fractionation of raw wastewater concentrations (C,N,COD,VS) into settlable and colloidal particulate organic material, (3) the determination of the organic compositions of the form CxHyOzNa for the above wastewater and sludge fractions. Research performed by Wentzel et al. (2006) and Ekama et al (2006 b) have supported the notion that organic material termed unbiodegradable from an activated sludge standpoint remain unbiodegradable under anaerobic digestion processes. Thus, the use of an anaerobic batch test method for determination of unbiodegradable organic compositions over a plant-wide WWTP was considered to be valid. DA - 2008 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2008 T1 - Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling TI - Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14796 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14796
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationBrink I. Measurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modelling. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Engineering & the Built Environment ,Department of Civil Engineering, 2008 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14796en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Civil Engineeringen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Engineering and the Built Environment
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherCivil Engineeringen_ZA
dc.titleMeasurement of composition of organic constituents of municipal wastewater for plant-wide modellingen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationnameMScen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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