Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol

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dc.contributor.authorMachingaidze, Shingaien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRehfuess, Evaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorvon Kries, Rudigeren_ZA
dc.contributor.authorHussey, Gregoryen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWiysonge, Charlesen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-23T11:44:12Z
dc.date.available2015-11-23T11:44:12Z
dc.date.issued2013en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Virtually all low- and middle-income countries are dependent on the World Health Organization's Expanded Program on Immunization for delivery of vaccines to children. The Expanded Program on Immunization delivers routine immunization services from health facilities free of charge. Understanding interventions for improving immunization coverage remains key in achieving universal childhood immunization. METHODS: We will conduct a systematic review that aims to assess the effectiveness of the full range of potential interventions to improve routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries. We will include intervention studies, as well as observational studies. We will search the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, electronic databases for eligible studies published by 31 August 2013. At least two authors will independently screen search outputs, select studies, extract data and assess the risk of bias (using separate criteria for interventions and observational studies); resolving any disagreements by discussion and consensus. The use of logic models and the Cochrane Complexity Matrix will be explored in order to better understand and contextualize studies. We will express the result of each study as a risk ratio with its corresponding 95% confidence intervals for dichotomous data, or mean difference with its standard deviation for continuous data. We will conduct meta-analysis for the same type of participants, interventions, study designs, and outcome measures where homogeneity of data allows. Use of harvest plots may be explored as an alternative. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the chi2 test of heterogeneity, and quantified using the I2 statistic. This protocol has not been registered with PROSPERO.DISCUSSION:This review will allow us to document evidence across a broad range of intervention types for improving routine immunization coverage in children and also distinguish between those that are well supported by evidence (to direct policy recommendations) and those that are not well supported (to direct research agenda).en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMachingaidze, S., Rehfuess, E., von Kries, R., Hussey, G., & Wiysonge, C. (2013). Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol. <i>Systematic Reviews</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15242en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMachingaidze, Shingai, Eva Rehfuess, Rudiger von Kries, Gregory Hussey, and Charles Wiysonge "Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol." <i>Systematic Reviews</i> (2013) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15242en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMachingaidze, S., Rehfuess, E., von Kries, R., Hussey, G. D., & Wiysonge, C. S. (2013). Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol. Systematic reviews, 2(1), 106.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Machingaidze, Shingai AU - Rehfuess, Eva AU - von Kries, Rudiger AU - Hussey, Gregory AU - Wiysonge, Charles AB - BACKGROUND: Virtually all low- and middle-income countries are dependent on the World Health Organization's Expanded Program on Immunization for delivery of vaccines to children. The Expanded Program on Immunization delivers routine immunization services from health facilities free of charge. Understanding interventions for improving immunization coverage remains key in achieving universal childhood immunization. METHODS: We will conduct a systematic review that aims to assess the effectiveness of the full range of potential interventions to improve routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries. We will include intervention studies, as well as observational studies. We will search the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, electronic databases for eligible studies published by 31 August 2013. At least two authors will independently screen search outputs, select studies, extract data and assess the risk of bias (using separate criteria for interventions and observational studies); resolving any disagreements by discussion and consensus. The use of logic models and the Cochrane Complexity Matrix will be explored in order to better understand and contextualize studies. We will express the result of each study as a risk ratio with its corresponding 95% confidence intervals for dichotomous data, or mean difference with its standard deviation for continuous data. We will conduct meta-analysis for the same type of participants, interventions, study designs, and outcome measures where homogeneity of data allows. Use of harvest plots may be explored as an alternative. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the chi2 test of heterogeneity, and quantified using the I2 statistic. This protocol has not been registered with PROSPERO.DISCUSSION:This review will allow us to document evidence across a broad range of intervention types for improving routine immunization coverage in children and also distinguish between those that are well supported by evidence (to direct policy recommendations) and those that are not well supported (to direct research agenda). DA - 2013 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/2046-4053-2-106 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Systematic Reviews LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2013 T1 - Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol TI - Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15242 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/15242
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-2-106
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMachingaidze S, Rehfuess E, von Kries R, Hussey G, Wiysonge C. Understanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol. Systematic Reviews. 2013; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15242.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2013 Machingaidze et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceSystematic Reviewsen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.systematicreviewsjournal.com/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherExpanded Program on Immunization (EPI)en_ZA
dc.subject.otherRoutine immunizationen_ZA
dc.subject.otherRoutine vaccinationen_ZA
dc.subject.otherChildrenen_ZA
dc.subject.otherLow- and middle-income countriesen_ZA
dc.titleUnderstanding interventions for improving routine immunization coverage in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocolen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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