Placental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight

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dc.contributor.authorWalther, Brigitteen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMiles, Daviden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCrozier, Sarahen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWaight, Paulineen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPalmero, Melbaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOjuola, Olubukolaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorTouray, Ebrimaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSande, Marianneen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWhittle, Hiltonen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRowland-Jones, Sarahen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFlanagan, Katieen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-11T11:54:39Z
dc.date.available2015-11-11T11:54:39Z
dc.date.issued2010en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Infection with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy contributes substantially to the disease burden in both mothers and offspring. Placental malaria may lead to intrauterine growth restriction or preterm delivery resulting in low birth weight (LBW), which, in general, is associated with increased infant morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the possible direct impact of the specific disease processes occurring in PM on longer term outcomes such as subsequent retarded growth development independent of LBW. METHODS: In an existing West-African cohort, 783 healthy infants with a birth weight of at least 2,000 g were followed up during their first year of life. The aim of the study was to investigate if Plasmodium falciparum infection of the placenta, assessed by placental histology, has an impact on several anthropometric parameters, measured at birth and after three, six and 12 months using generalized estimating equations models adjusting for moderate low birth weight. RESULTS: Independent of LBW, first to third born infants who were exposed to either past, chronic or acute placental malaria during pregnancy had significantly lower weight-for-age (-0.43, 95% CI: -0.80;-0.07), weight-for-length (-0.47, 95% CI: -0.84; -0.10) and BMI-for-age z-scores (-0.57, 95% CI: -0.84; -0.10) compared to infants born to mothers who were not diagnosed with placental malaria (p = 0.019, 0.013, and 0.012, respectively). Interestingly, the longitudinal data on histology-based diagnosis of PM also document a sharp decline of PM prevalence in the Sukuta cohort from 16.5% in 2002 to 5.4% in 2004. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that PM has a negative impact on the infant's subsequent weight development that is independent of LBW, suggesting that the longer term effects of PM have been underestimated, even in areas where malaria transmission is declining.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationWalther, B., Miles, D., Crozier, S., Waight, P., Palmero, M., Ojuola, O., ... Flanagan, K. (2010). Placental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight. <i>Malaria Journal</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14861en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationWalther, Brigitte, David Miles, Sarah Crozier, Pauline Waight, Melba Palmero, Olubukola Ojuola, Ebrima Touray, et al "Placental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight." <i>Malaria Journal</i> (2010) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14861en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationWalther, B., Miles, D. J., Crozier, S., Waight, P., Palmero, M. S., Ojuola, O., ... & Flanagan, K. L. (2010). Placental malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight. Malar J, 9(1), 16.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Walther, Brigitte AU - Miles, David AU - Crozier, Sarah AU - Waight, Pauline AU - Palmero, Melba AU - Ojuola, Olubukola AU - Touray, Ebrima AU - Sande, Marianne AU - Whittle, Hilton AU - Rowland-Jones, Sarah AU - Flanagan, Katie AB - BACKGROUND: Infection with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy contributes substantially to the disease burden in both mothers and offspring. Placental malaria may lead to intrauterine growth restriction or preterm delivery resulting in low birth weight (LBW), which, in general, is associated with increased infant morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the possible direct impact of the specific disease processes occurring in PM on longer term outcomes such as subsequent retarded growth development independent of LBW. METHODS: In an existing West-African cohort, 783 healthy infants with a birth weight of at least 2,000 g were followed up during their first year of life. The aim of the study was to investigate if Plasmodium falciparum infection of the placenta, assessed by placental histology, has an impact on several anthropometric parameters, measured at birth and after three, six and 12 months using generalized estimating equations models adjusting for moderate low birth weight. RESULTS: Independent of LBW, first to third born infants who were exposed to either past, chronic or acute placental malaria during pregnancy had significantly lower weight-for-age (-0.43, 95% CI: -0.80;-0.07), weight-for-length (-0.47, 95% CI: -0.84; -0.10) and BMI-for-age z-scores (-0.57, 95% CI: -0.84; -0.10) compared to infants born to mothers who were not diagnosed with placental malaria (p = 0.019, 0.013, and 0.012, respectively). Interestingly, the longitudinal data on histology-based diagnosis of PM also document a sharp decline of PM prevalence in the Sukuta cohort from 16.5% in 2002 to 5.4% in 2004. CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that PM has a negative impact on the infant's subsequent weight development that is independent of LBW, suggesting that the longer term effects of PM have been underestimated, even in areas where malaria transmission is declining. DA - 2010 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/1475-2875-9-16 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - Malaria Journal LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2010 T1 - Placental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight TI - Placental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14861 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14861
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-16
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationWalther B, Miles D, Crozier S, Waight P, Palmero M, Ojuola O, et al. Placental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weight. Malaria Journal. 2010; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14861.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentSouth African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI)en_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2010 Walther et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceMalaria Journalen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.malariajournal.com/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherMalaria in pregnancyen_ZA
dc.subject.otherchild developmenten_ZA
dc.subject.otherfetal developmenten_ZA
dc.subject.otherplasmodium falciparumen_ZA
dc.subject.otherlow birth weighten_ZA
dc.titlePlacental Malaria is associated with reduced early life weight development of affected children independent of low birth weighten_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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