Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

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dc.contributor.authorLekoubou, Alainen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEchouffo-Tcheugui, Justinen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKengne, Andreen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-28T07:07:45Z
dc.date.available2015-10-28T07:07:45Z
dc.date.issued2014en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND:Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are experiencing rapid transitions with increased life expectancy. As a result the burden of age-related conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases might be increasing. We conducted a systematic review of published studies on common neurodegenerative diseases, and HIV-related neurocognitive impairment in SSA, in order to identify research gaps and inform prevention and control solutions. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, 'Banque de Donnees de Sante Publique' and the database of the 'Institut d'Epidemiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale' from inception to February 2013 for published original studies from SSA on neurodegenerative diseases and HIV-related neurocognitive impairment. Screening and data extraction were conducted by two investigators. Bibliographies and citations of eligible studies were investigated. RESULTS: In all 144 publications reporting on dementia (n=49 publications, mainly Alzheimer disease), Parkinsonism (PD, n=20), HIV-related neurocognitive impairment (n=47), Huntington disease (HD, n=19), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, n=15), cerebellar degeneration (n=4) and Lewy body dementia (n=1). Of these studies, largely based on prevalent cases from retrospective data on urban populations, half originated from Nigeria and South Africa. The prevalence of dementia (Alzheimer disease) varied between <1% and 10.1% (0.7% and 5.6%) in population-based studies and from <1% to 47.8% in hospital-based studies. Incidence of dementia (Alzheimer disease) ranged from 8.7 to 21.8/1000/year (9.5 to 11.1), and major risk factors were advanced age and female sex. HIV-related neurocognitive impairment's prevalence (all from hospital-based studies) ranged from <1% to 80%. Population-based prevalence of PD and ALS varied from 10 to 235/100,000, and from 5 to 15/100,000 respectively while that for Huntington disease was 3.5/100,000. Equivalent figures for hospital based studies were the following: PD (0.41 to 7.2%), ALS (0.2 to 8.0/1000), and HD (0.2/100,000 to 46.0/100,000). CONCLUSIONS: The body of literature on neurodegenerative disorders in SSA is large with regard to dementia and HIV-related neurocognitive disorders but limited for other neurodegenerative disorders. Shortcomings include few population-based studies, heterogeneous diagnostic criteria and uneven representation of countries on the continent. There are important knowledge gaps that need urgent action, in order to prepare the sub-continent for the anticipated local surge in neurodegenerative diseases.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationLekoubou, A., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J., & Kengne, A. (2014). Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. <i>BMC Public Health</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14476en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationLekoubou, Alain, Justin Echouffo-Tcheugui, and Andre Kengne "Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review." <i>BMC Public Health</i> (2014) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14476en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationLekoubou, A., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., & Kengne, A. P. (2014). Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. BMC public health, 14(1), 653.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Lekoubou, Alain AU - Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin AU - Kengne, Andre AB - BACKGROUND:Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are experiencing rapid transitions with increased life expectancy. As a result the burden of age-related conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases might be increasing. We conducted a systematic review of published studies on common neurodegenerative diseases, and HIV-related neurocognitive impairment in SSA, in order to identify research gaps and inform prevention and control solutions. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, 'Banque de Donnees de Sante Publique' and the database of the 'Institut d'Epidemiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale' from inception to February 2013 for published original studies from SSA on neurodegenerative diseases and HIV-related neurocognitive impairment. Screening and data extraction were conducted by two investigators. Bibliographies and citations of eligible studies were investigated. RESULTS: In all 144 publications reporting on dementia (n=49 publications, mainly Alzheimer disease), Parkinsonism (PD, n=20), HIV-related neurocognitive impairment (n=47), Huntington disease (HD, n=19), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, n=15), cerebellar degeneration (n=4) and Lewy body dementia (n=1). Of these studies, largely based on prevalent cases from retrospective data on urban populations, half originated from Nigeria and South Africa. The prevalence of dementia (Alzheimer disease) varied between <1% and 10.1% (0.7% and 5.6%) in population-based studies and from <1% to 47.8% in hospital-based studies. Incidence of dementia (Alzheimer disease) ranged from 8.7 to 21.8/1000/year (9.5 to 11.1), and major risk factors were advanced age and female sex. HIV-related neurocognitive impairment's prevalence (all from hospital-based studies) ranged from <1% to 80%. Population-based prevalence of PD and ALS varied from 10 to 235/100,000, and from 5 to 15/100,000 respectively while that for Huntington disease was 3.5/100,000. Equivalent figures for hospital based studies were the following: PD (0.41 to 7.2%), ALS (0.2 to 8.0/1000), and HD (0.2/100,000 to 46.0/100,000). CONCLUSIONS: The body of literature on neurodegenerative disorders in SSA is large with regard to dementia and HIV-related neurocognitive disorders but limited for other neurodegenerative disorders. Shortcomings include few population-based studies, heterogeneous diagnostic criteria and uneven representation of countries on the continent. There are important knowledge gaps that need urgent action, in order to prepare the sub-continent for the anticipated local surge in neurodegenerative diseases. DA - 2014 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1186/1471-2458-14-653 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - BMC Public Health LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2014 T1 - Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review TI - Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14476 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/14476
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-653
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationLekoubou A, Echouffo-Tcheugui J, Kengne A. Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2014; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14476.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltden_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Medicineen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licenseen_ZA
dc.rights.holder2014 Lekoubou et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0en_ZA
dc.sourceBMC Public Healthen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcpublichealth/en_ZA
dc.subject.otherNeurodegenerative diseasesen_ZA
dc.subject.otherParkinsonismen_ZA
dc.subject.otherDementiaen_ZA
dc.subject.otherHIV-related cognitive impairmenten_ZA
dc.subject.otherSub-Saharan Africaen_ZA
dc.titleEpidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic reviewen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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