Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey

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dc.contributor.authorNcitakalo, Nolusindiso
dc.contributor.authorSigwadhi, Lovemore N
dc.contributor.authorMabaso, Musawenkosi
dc.contributor.authorJoska, John
dc.contributor.authorSimbayi, Leickness
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-10T06:50:27Z
dc.date.available2023-03-10T06:50:27Z
dc.date.issued2023-02-06
dc.date.updated2023-02-12T04:18:20Z
dc.description.abstractBackground Psychological distress as measured by mental disorders like depression and anxiety is more prevalent in people living with HIV (PLHIV) than in the general population. However, the relationship between mental disorders and HIV is complex and bidirectional. Improved understanding of the relationship between mental disorders and HIV is important for designing interventions for this group. This paper explores the interrelationships of psychological distress with HIV and associated socio-demographic and health-related factors. Methods This secondary data analysis used the 2012 South African population-based household survey on HIV collected using a cross-sectional multi-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Generalized structural equation modelling (G-SEM) path analysis was used to explore the direct and indirect relationships of socio-demographic, health and HIV-related factors with psychological distress as measured by Kessler 10 scale using HIV status as a moderator variable. Results A total of 20,083 participants were included in the study, 21.7% reported psychological distress, of whom (32.6%) were HIV positive. In the final path model with HIV status as a moderator, psychological distress was significantly more likely among age group 25–49 years (AOR: 1.4 [95% CI 1.3–1.6]), age 50 years and older, (AOR: 1.4 [95% CI 1.2–1.6]), females (AOR: 1.6 [95% CI 1.4–1.8]), high risk drinkers (AOR: 1.9 [1.6–2.2]) hazardous drinkers (AOR: 4.4 [95% CI 3.1–6.3]), ever tested for HIV (AOR: 1.2 [95% CI 1.1–1.3]). Psychological distress was significantly less likely among the married [AOR: 0.8 (0.7–0.9)], other race groups [AOR: 0.5 (0.5–0.6)], those with secondary level education (AOR: 0.9 [95% CI 0.8–0.9]), and tertiary level education (AOR: 0.7 [95% CI 0.6–0.9]), those from rural informal [AOR: 0.8 (0.7–0.9)], and rural formal [AOR: 0.8 (0.7–0.9)] areas and those who rated their health as excellent/good [AOR: 0.4 (0.4–0.5)]. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of designing tailored interventions targeted at psychological distress among PLHIV especially the elderly, females, those with no education and / or low education attainment and those residing in informal urban areas.en_US
dc.identifier.apacitationNcitakalo, N., Sigwadhi, L. N., Mabaso, M., Joska, J., & Simbayi, L. (2023). Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey. <i>AIDS Research and Therapy</i>, 20(1), 6. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37349en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationNcitakalo, Nolusindiso, Lovemore N Sigwadhi, Musawenkosi Mabaso, John Joska, and Leickness Simbayi "Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey." <i>AIDS Research and Therapy</i> 20, 1. (2023): 6. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37349en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationNcitakalo, N., Sigwadhi, L.N., Mabaso, M., Joska, J. & Simbayi, L. 2023. Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey. <i>AIDS Research and Therapy.</i> 20(1):6. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37349en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Ncitakalo, Nolusindiso AU - Sigwadhi, Lovemore N AU - Mabaso, Musawenkosi AU - Joska, John AU - Simbayi, Leickness AB - Background Psychological distress as measured by mental disorders like depression and anxiety is more prevalent in people living with HIV (PLHIV) than in the general population. However, the relationship between mental disorders and HIV is complex and bidirectional. Improved understanding of the relationship between mental disorders and HIV is important for designing interventions for this group. This paper explores the interrelationships of psychological distress with HIV and associated socio-demographic and health-related factors. Methods This secondary data analysis used the 2012 South African population-based household survey on HIV collected using a cross-sectional multi-stage stratified cluster sampling design. Generalized structural equation modelling (G-SEM) path analysis was used to explore the direct and indirect relationships of socio-demographic, health and HIV-related factors with psychological distress as measured by Kessler 10 scale using HIV status as a moderator variable. Results A total of 20,083 participants were included in the study, 21.7% reported psychological distress, of whom (32.6%) were HIV positive. In the final path model with HIV status as a moderator, psychological distress was significantly more likely among age group 25–49 years (AOR: 1.4 [95% CI 1.3–1.6]), age 50 years and older, (AOR: 1.4 [95% CI 1.2–1.6]), females (AOR: 1.6 [95% CI 1.4–1.8]), high risk drinkers (AOR: 1.9 [1.6–2.2]) hazardous drinkers (AOR: 4.4 [95% CI 3.1–6.3]), ever tested for HIV (AOR: 1.2 [95% CI 1.1–1.3]). Psychological distress was significantly less likely among the married [AOR: 0.8 (0.7–0.9)], other race groups [AOR: 0.5 (0.5–0.6)], those with secondary level education (AOR: 0.9 [95% CI 0.8–0.9]), and tertiary level education (AOR: 0.7 [95% CI 0.6–0.9]), those from rural informal [AOR: 0.8 (0.7–0.9)], and rural formal [AOR: 0.8 (0.7–0.9)] areas and those who rated their health as excellent/good [AOR: 0.4 (0.4–0.5)]. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of designing tailored interventions targeted at psychological distress among PLHIV especially the elderly, females, those with no education and / or low education attainment and those residing in informal urban areas. DA - 2023-02-06 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - AIDS Research and Therapy KW - Psychological distress KW - HIV status KW - South Africa KW - Structural Equation Model LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2023 T1 - Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey TI - Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37349 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-022-00498-5
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/37349
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationNcitakalo N, Sigwadhi LN, Mabaso M, Joska J, Simbayi L. Exploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household survey. AIDS Research and Therapy. 2023;20(1):6. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/37349.en_ZA
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Healthen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_US
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceAIDS Research and Therapyen_US
dc.source.journalissue1en_US
dc.source.journalvolume20en_US
dc.source.pagination6en_US
dc.source.urihttps://aidsrestherapy.biomedcentral.com/
dc.subjectPsychological distressen_US
dc.subjectHIV statusen_US
dc.subjectSouth Africaen_US
dc.subjectStructural Equation Modelen_US
dc.titleExploring HIV status as a mediator in the relationship of psychological distress with socio-demographic and health related factors in South Africa: findings from the 2012 nationally representative population-based household surveyen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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