Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.contributor.advisorEngel, Mark
dc.contributor.advisorSalie, Taariq
dc.contributor.advisorBana, Tasnim
dc.contributor.authorMorar, Zeena
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-15T09:56:48Z
dc.date.available2025-09-15T09:56:48Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.date.updated2025-09-15T09:43:59Z
dc.description.abstractRheumatic heart disease (RHD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are autoimmune diseases with drastic effects on quality of life. Diagnostic challenges remain, especially given the prevalence of these diseases among people of low socioeconomic status. The purpose of this review was to determine, from published case-control and cross-sectional studies, whether selected protein biomarkers are discriminatory indicators of RHD, RA and SLE. This review was carried out in accordance with the Preferential Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). A significant increase in adiponectin was found in patients with SLE and in patients with RA (including those with severe and mild cases of RA) as compared with healthy controls. Ficolin-3 was significantly upregulated in SLE patients and downregulated in RHD patients, while alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 was significantly upregulated in SLE patients compared to controls. Gelsolin was significantly downregulated in patients with RHD and in SLE patients with a flare-up and in remission. Given that data remain scant, further research into these proteins, along with others not previously identified, is warranted to evaluate their discriminatory power for the development of a cost-effective point-of-care diagnostic test.
dc.identifier.apacitationMorar, Z. (2025). <i>Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis</i>. (). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41805en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMorar, Zeena. <i>"Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis."</i> ., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, 2025. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41805en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMorar, Z. 2025. Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis. . University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41805en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Morar, Zeena AB - Rheumatic heart disease (RHD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are autoimmune diseases with drastic effects on quality of life. Diagnostic challenges remain, especially given the prevalence of these diseases among people of low socioeconomic status. The purpose of this review was to determine, from published case-control and cross-sectional studies, whether selected protein biomarkers are discriminatory indicators of RHD, RA and SLE. This review was carried out in accordance with the Preferential Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). A significant increase in adiponectin was found in patients with SLE and in patients with RA (including those with severe and mild cases of RA) as compared with healthy controls. Ficolin-3 was significantly upregulated in SLE patients and downregulated in RHD patients, while alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 was significantly upregulated in SLE patients compared to controls. Gelsolin was significantly downregulated in patients with RHD and in SLE patients with a flare-up and in remission. Given that data remain scant, further research into these proteins, along with others not previously identified, is warranted to evaluate their discriminatory power for the development of a cost-effective point-of-care diagnostic test. DA - 2025 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) KW - Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) KW - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2025 T1 - Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis TI - Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41805 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/41805
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMorar Z. Biomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis. []. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, 2025 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41805en_ZA
dc.language.isoen
dc.language.rfc3066eng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Public Health and Family Medicine
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subjectRheumatic heart disease (RHD)
dc.subjectRheumatoid arthritis (RA)
dc.subjectSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
dc.titleBiomarkers for autoimmunie disease diagnosis in the public health sector: A systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.typeThesis / Dissertation
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationlevelMPH
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