A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorSmit, Albertus Jen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, Michaelen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Robert Jen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDufois, Francoisen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDudley, Sheldon F Jen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBornman, Thomas Gen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOlbers, Jenniferen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBolton, John Jen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2015-11-16T04:11:35Z
dc.date.available2015-11-16T04:11:35Z
dc.date.issued2013en_ZA
dc.description.abstractGridded SST products developed particularly for offshore regions are increasingly being applied close to the coast for biogeographical applications. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the dangers of doing so through a comparison of reprocessed MODIS Terra and Pathfinder v5.2 SSTs, both at 4 km resolution, with instrumental in situ temperatures taken within 400 m from the coast. We report large biases of up to +6°C in places between satellite-derived and in situ climatological temperatures for 87 sites spanning the entire ca . 2 700 km of the South African coastline. Although biases are predominantly warm (i.e. the satellite SSTs being higher), smaller or even cold biases also appear in places, especially along the southern and western coasts of the country. We also demonstrate the presence of gradients in temperature biases along shore-normal transects -- generally SSTs extracted close to the shore demonstrate a smaller bias with respect to the in situ temperatures. Contributing towards the magnitude of the biases are factors such as SST data source, proximity to the shore, the presence/absence of upwelling cells or coastal embayments. Despite the generally large biases, from a biogeographical perspective, species distribution retains a correlative relationship with underlying spatial patterns in SST, but in order to arrive at a causal understanding of the determinants of biogeographical patterns we suggest that in shallow, inshore marine habitats, temperature is best measured directly.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationSmit, A. J., Roberts, M., Anderson, R. J., Dufois, F., Dudley, S. F. J., Bornman, T. G., ... Bolton, J. J. (2013). A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa. <i>PLoS One</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15023en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationSmit, Albertus J, Michael Roberts, Robert J Anderson, Francois Dufois, Sheldon F J Dudley, Thomas G Bornman, Jennifer Olbers, and John J Bolton "A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa." <i>PLoS One</i> (2013) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15023en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationSmit, A. J., Roberts, M., Anderson, R. J., Dufois, F., Dudley, S. F., Bornman, T. G., ... & Bolton, J. J. (2012). A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa. PloS one, 8(12), e81944-e81944. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081944en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Smit, Albertus J AU - Roberts, Michael AU - Anderson, Robert J AU - Dufois, Francois AU - Dudley, Sheldon F J AU - Bornman, Thomas G AU - Olbers, Jennifer AU - Bolton, John J AB - Gridded SST products developed particularly for offshore regions are increasingly being applied close to the coast for biogeographical applications. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the dangers of doing so through a comparison of reprocessed MODIS Terra and Pathfinder v5.2 SSTs, both at 4 km resolution, with instrumental in situ temperatures taken within 400 m from the coast. We report large biases of up to +6°C in places between satellite-derived and in situ climatological temperatures for 87 sites spanning the entire ca . 2 700 km of the South African coastline. Although biases are predominantly warm (i.e. the satellite SSTs being higher), smaller or even cold biases also appear in places, especially along the southern and western coasts of the country. We also demonstrate the presence of gradients in temperature biases along shore-normal transects -- generally SSTs extracted close to the shore demonstrate a smaller bias with respect to the in situ temperatures. Contributing towards the magnitude of the biases are factors such as SST data source, proximity to the shore, the presence/absence of upwelling cells or coastal embayments. Despite the generally large biases, from a biogeographical perspective, species distribution retains a correlative relationship with underlying spatial patterns in SST, but in order to arrive at a causal understanding of the determinants of biogeographical patterns we suggest that in shallow, inshore marine habitats, temperature is best measured directly. DA - 2013 DB - OpenUCT DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0081944 DP - University of Cape Town J1 - PLoS One LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2013 T1 - A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa TI - A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15023 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/15023
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081944
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationSmit AJ, Roberts M, Anderson RJ, Dufois F, Dudley SFJ, Bornman TG, et al. A coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africa. PLoS One. 2013; http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15023.en_ZA
dc.language.isoengen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.departmentMarine Research (MA-RE) Instituteen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Scienceen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.rightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en_ZA
dc.rights.holder© 2013 Smit et alen_ZA
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_ZA
dc.sourcePLoS Oneen_ZA
dc.source.urihttp://journals.plos.org/plosoneen_ZA
dc.subject.otherBiogeographyen_ZA
dc.subject.otherClimatologyen_ZA
dc.subject.otherMarine biologyen_ZA
dc.titleA coastal seawater temperature dataset for biogeographical studies: large biases between in situ and remotely-sensed data sets around the Coast of South Africaen_ZA
dc.typeJournal Articleen_ZA
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.filetypeImage
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceArticleen_ZA
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