Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial

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dc.contributor.authorJolliffe, David A.
dc.contributor.authorVivaldi, Giulia
dc.contributor.authorChambers, Emma S.
dc.contributor.authorCai, Weigang
dc.contributor.authorLi, Wenhao
dc.contributor.authorFaustini, Sian E.
dc.contributor.authorGibbons, Joseph M.
dc.contributor.authorPade, Corinna
dc.contributor.authorCoussens, Anna K.
dc.contributor.authorRichter, Alex G.
dc.contributor.authorMcKnight, Áine
dc.contributor.authorMartineau, Adrian R.
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-18T11:05:39Z
dc.date.available2023-09-18T11:05:39Z
dc.date.issued2022-09-16
dc.date.updated2022-09-22T12:02:38Z
dc.description.abstractVitamin D deficiency has been reported to associate with the impaired development of antigen-specific responses following vaccination. We aimed to determine whether vitamin D supplements might boost the immunogenicity and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by conducting three sub-studies nested within the CORONAVIT randomised controlled trial, which investigated the effects of offering vitamin D supplements at a dose of 800 IU/day or 3200 IU/day vs. no offer on risk of acute respiratory infections in UK adults with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <75 nmol/L. Sub-study 1 investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Sub-study 2 investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on titres of combined IgG, IgA and IgM (IgGAM) anti-Spike antibodies in eluates of dried blood spots collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Sub-study 3 investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on neutralising antibody and cellular responses in venous blood samples collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In total, 1945/2808 (69.3%) sub-study 1 participants received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca); the remainder received two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer). Mean follow-up 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly elevated in the 800 IU/day vs. no-offer group (82.5 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 28.8 nmol/L, 95% CI 22.8–34.8) and in the 3200 IU/day vs. no offer group (105.4 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 51.7 nmol/L, 45.1–58.4). Vitamin D supplementation did not influence the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated participants (800 IU/day vs. no offer: adjusted hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.84; 3200 IU/day vs. no offer: 1.17, 0.81 to 1.70). Neither did it influence IgGAM anti-Spike titres, neutralising antibody titres or IFN-γ concentrations in the supernatants of S peptide-stimulated whole blood. In conclusion, vitamin D replacement at a dose of 800 or 3200 IU/day effectively elevated 25(OH)D concentrations, but it did not influence the protective efficacy or immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination when given to adults who had a sub-optimal vitamin D status at baseline.
dc.identifierdoi: 10.3390/nu14183821
dc.identifier.apacitationJolliffe, David A., Vivaldi, G., Chambers, Emma S., Cai, W., Li, W., Faustini, Sian E., ... Martineau, Adrian R. (2022). Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial. <i>Nutrients</i>, 14(18), 3821. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38729en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationJolliffe, David A., Giulia Vivaldi, Emma S. Chambers, Weigang Cai, Wenhao Li, Sian E. Faustini, Joseph M. Gibbons, et al "Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial." <i>Nutrients</i> 14, 18. (2022): 3821. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38729en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationJolliffe, David A., Vivaldi, G., Chambers, Emma S., Cai, W., Li, W., Faustini, Sian E., Gibbons, Joseph M. & Pade, C. et al. 2022. Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial. <i>Nutrients.</i> 14(18):3821. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38729en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Jolliffe, David A. AU - Vivaldi, Giulia AU - Chambers, Emma S. AU - Cai, Weigang AU - Li, Wenhao AU - Faustini, Sian E. AU - Gibbons, Joseph M. AU - Pade, Corinna AU - Coussens, Anna K. AU - Richter, Alex G. AU - McKnight, Áine AU - Martineau, Adrian R. AB - Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to associate with the impaired development of antigen-specific responses following vaccination. We aimed to determine whether vitamin D supplements might boost the immunogenicity and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by conducting three sub-studies nested within the CORONAVIT randomised controlled trial, which investigated the effects of offering vitamin D supplements at a dose of 800 IU/day or 3200 IU/day vs. no offer on risk of acute respiratory infections in UK adults with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations &lt;75 nmol/L. Sub-study 1 investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection following two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Sub-study 2 investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on titres of combined IgG, IgA and IgM (IgGAM) anti-Spike antibodies in eluates of dried blood spots collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Sub-study 3 investigated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on neutralising antibody and cellular responses in venous blood samples collected after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In total, 1945/2808 (69.3%) sub-study 1 participants received two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford&ndash;AstraZeneca); the remainder received two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer). Mean follow-up 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly elevated in the 800 IU/day vs. no-offer group (82.5 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 28.8 nmol/L, 95% CI 22.8&ndash;34.8) and in the 3200 IU/day vs. no offer group (105.4 vs. 53.6 nmol/L; mean difference 51.7 nmol/L, 45.1&ndash;58.4). Vitamin D supplementation did not influence the risk of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated participants (800 IU/day vs. no offer: adjusted hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.84; 3200 IU/day vs. no offer: 1.17, 0.81 to 1.70). Neither did it influence IgGAM anti-Spike titres, neutralising antibody titres or IFN-&gamma; concentrations in the supernatants of S peptide-stimulated whole blood. In conclusion, vitamin D replacement at a dose of 800 or 3200 IU/day effectively elevated 25(OH)D concentrations, but it did not influence the protective efficacy or immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination when given to adults who had a sub-optimal vitamin D status at baseline. DA - 2022-09-16 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 18 J1 - Nutrients LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2022 T1 - Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial TI - Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38729 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/38729
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationJolliffe David A, Vivaldi G, Chambers Emma S, Cai W, Li W, Faustini Sian E, et al. Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2022;14(18):3821. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/38729.en_ZA
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
dc.publisher.departmentInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine
dc.publisher.facultyHealth Sciences
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.sourceNutrients
dc.source.journalissue18
dc.source.journalvolume14
dc.source.pagination3821
dc.source.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients
dc.titleVitamin D Supplementation Does Not Influence SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Efficacy or Immunogenicity: Sub-Studies Nested within the CORONAVIT Randomised Controlled Trial
dc.typeJournal Article
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