A pilot study on stature estimation of the South African male population using the post mortem Lodox® Xmplar-dr imaging device at the Salt River Forensic Medico-Legal Laboratory

Venketsamy, Yomika

A pilot study on stature estimation of the South African male population using the post mortem Lodox® Xmplar-dr imaging device at the Salt River Forensic Medico-Legal Laboratory

Master Thesis

2022

Abstract

Identification of deceased individuals is of paramount importance in the South African constitution, with victim identification noted as a human right. Stature has been used to assist identification of an individual when skeletal remains are recovered. The usefulness of stature estimation using conventional x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) measurements of long bones in a modern population has been researched in a number of countries, however, there has been limited research conducted on Lodox® bone scans as an added tool for stature estimation in the South African population. Forty-nine deceased males aged 21 to 61 years were scanned with Lodox® within 24 hours of entering Salt River Mortuary for a scheduled autopsy. Total stature was initially measured on the autopsy table with an embedded ruler. The body underwent a full body digital x-ray using the Lodox® Xmplar DR device. To measure length of bones on the Lodox® scans, full body images were exported in DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) format and five long bone maximum lengths i.e. humerus, radius, ulna, femur and tibia of the bodies were digitally measured using the integrated Lodox® software. Lodox® image scan measurements found that the humerus, femur and tibia were the most statistically significant correlators of stature, individually. The univariate linear regression showed strong statistical significance for the humerus, femur and tibia with estimating stature. Multiple linear regression with the combination of humerus and ulna; femur and tibia; humerus, femur and tibia were statistically significant in determining stature. However, a combination of ulna and radius and the combination of all five bones overall regression was not statistically significant. Univariate and multiple linear regression formulas were created for the South African male population using Lodox® image scan measurements. Correlation and paired t-tests showed significant correlation between manual stature measurement at the mortuary and Lodox® measurements for stature.

Keywords

Biomedical Forensic Science

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