The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorJoska, John
dc.contributor.authorCrookes, Charles
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-30T14:07:10Z
dc.date.available2025-01-30T14:07:10Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.date.updated2025-01-30T12:28:13Z
dc.description.abstractOBJECTIVES This study had two objectives. Firstly, to determine the prevalence of physical and sexual IPV, sexual trauma and mental health symptoms in a sample of women initiating ART at two primary healthcare facilities in Khayelitsha, Cape Town. Secondly, to investigate associations between socio-demographics, sexual trauma and mental health variables on ART initiation times. METHODS This study used data from participants screening into a larger RCT of an intervention for 16 sexual trauma in women living with HIV (WLWH). This study incorporated a cross-sectional data analytic design. Electronically administered surveys collected data on demographics (age and pregnancy status), sexual trauma, physical and sexual IPV, mental health symptoms (depression, PTSD and suicidality). The outcome of interest included firstly the intention to determine the prevalence of trauma experiences and mental health symptoms in this sample of women initiating ART at two primary health care facilities in Khayelitsha. Secondly, to investigate for associations of significance between the demographic, trauma and mental health variables on ART initiation times. Early initiation was defined as ART commencement within 21 days from HIV diagnosis and late was after 21 days from diagnosis. RESULTS In total, 170 participants were included in this study. The mean age of participants was 30.65 (SD = 8.7). Most of the participants (80%) were initiated on ART early. Lifetime sexual trauma was reported by 38,2 % (n = 65). More than half the participants reported physical and or sexual IPV (57%; n = 97), more than a third reported depressive symptoms (39,4%; n = 67), half reported PTSD symptoms (50%; n = 85) and acute, high risk, suicidality was noted in (4,7%; n = 9) of the participants. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, no associations between demographic, mental health variables and most notably sexual trauma with ART initiation time were found. Logistic regression also found no association with the variables when compared with early versus late ART initiation. CONCLUSION Despite the high prevalence of sexual trauma and lifetime physical and sexual IPV, no 17 association with delays to ART initiation were found. This study could have been limited by its small sample size and we recommend future studies explore the effects of the variables in broader samples and in other areas of South Africa
dc.identifier.apacitationCrookes, C. (2024). <i>The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa</i>. (). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/40849en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationCrookes, Charles. <i>"The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa."</i> ., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2024. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/40849en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationCrookes, C. 2024. The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa. . University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/40849en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Crookes, Charles AB - OBJECTIVES This study had two objectives. Firstly, to determine the prevalence of physical and sexual IPV, sexual trauma and mental health symptoms in a sample of women initiating ART at two primary healthcare facilities in Khayelitsha, Cape Town. Secondly, to investigate associations between socio-demographics, sexual trauma and mental health variables on ART initiation times. METHODS This study used data from participants screening into a larger RCT of an intervention for 16 sexual trauma in women living with HIV (WLWH). This study incorporated a cross-sectional data analytic design. Electronically administered surveys collected data on demographics (age and pregnancy status), sexual trauma, physical and sexual IPV, mental health symptoms (depression, PTSD and suicidality). The outcome of interest included firstly the intention to determine the prevalence of trauma experiences and mental health symptoms in this sample of women initiating ART at two primary health care facilities in Khayelitsha. Secondly, to investigate for associations of significance between the demographic, trauma and mental health variables on ART initiation times. Early initiation was defined as ART commencement within 21 days from HIV diagnosis and late was after 21 days from diagnosis. RESULTS In total, 170 participants were included in this study. The mean age of participants was 30.65 (SD = 8.7). Most of the participants (80%) were initiated on ART early. Lifetime sexual trauma was reported by 38,2 % (n = 65). More than half the participants reported physical and or sexual IPV (57%; n = 97), more than a third reported depressive symptoms (39,4%; n = 67), half reported PTSD symptoms (50%; n = 85) and acute, high risk, suicidality was noted in (4,7%; n = 9) of the participants. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, no associations between demographic, mental health variables and most notably sexual trauma with ART initiation time were found. Logistic regression also found no association with the variables when compared with early versus late ART initiation. CONCLUSION Despite the high prevalence of sexual trauma and lifetime physical and sexual IPV, no 17 association with delays to ART initiation were found. This study could have been limited by its small sample size and we recommend future studies explore the effects of the variables in broader samples and in other areas of South Africa DA - 2024 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town KW - Mental Health KW - HIV KW - Sexual Trauma KW - Antiretroviral Therapy KW - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder KW - Depression KW - Suicidality KW - Intimate Partner Violence KW - Psychiatry LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2024 T1 - The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa TI - The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/40849 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/40849
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationCrookes C. The effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa. []. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2024 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/40849en_ZA
dc.language.rfc3066eng
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Psychiatry and Mental Health
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subjectMental Health
dc.subjectHIV
dc.subjectSexual Trauma
dc.subjectAntiretroviral Therapy
dc.subjectPost Traumatic Stress Disorder
dc.subjectDepression
dc.subjectSuicidality
dc.subjectIntimate Partner Violence
dc.subjectPsychiatry
dc.titleThe effects of sexual trauma, intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health on early versus late antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation amongst women in South Africa
dc.typeThesis / Dissertation
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
dc.type.qualificationlevelMMed
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
thesis_hsf_2024_crookes charles.pdf
Size:
10.56 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.72 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Masters