Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis

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dc.contributor.advisorNicol, Marken_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMilovic, Anaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2014-07-28T08:17:38Z
dc.date.available2014-07-28T08:17:38Z
dc.date.issued2010en_ZA
dc.description.abstractThere is a clear need for a rapid, inexpensive point-of-care diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of a novel rapid diagnostic test for TB, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, in symptomatic adults and to compare it to other commercially available nucleic acid amplification assays and to standard microbiological smear and culture. The GeneXpert system performs real time, nested PCR from sputum and provides a result within two hours of sampling. The result includes a semi-quantitative assessment of bacillary load in the sample and simultaneously detects rifampicin resistance. This study was part of a cross-sectional, multi-centre clinical trial. The Cape Town component of this study was conducted at three sites, one hospital based and other two community clinics, all with high TB/HIV coinfection rate. Among 43.2% of patients diagnosed with TB during the evaluation study, GeneXpert detected TB in 95.5% of all culture positive cases. In smear positive patients, sensitivity was 99.0% and in smear-negative, culture positive patients, 86.1%. Specificity in patients who were culture negative and clinically diagnosed as non-TB after follow up was 98.4%. Sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert in detecting rifampicin resistance was 100% comparing to phenotypically detected drug resistance. GeneXpert is a highly promising novel tool for the rapid diagnosis of adult TB. Future studies are needed to establish the performance and impact of GeneXpert when performed at the level of the microscopy centre.en_ZA
dc.identifier.apacitationMilovic, A. (2010). <i>Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis</i>. (Thesis). University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Medical Microbiology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2715en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationMilovic, Ana. <i>"Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis."</i> Thesis., University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Medical Microbiology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2715en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationMilovic, A. 2010. Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis. University of Cape Town.en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Thesis / Dissertation AU - Milovic, Ana AB - There is a clear need for a rapid, inexpensive point-of-care diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of a novel rapid diagnostic test for TB, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, in symptomatic adults and to compare it to other commercially available nucleic acid amplification assays and to standard microbiological smear and culture. The GeneXpert system performs real time, nested PCR from sputum and provides a result within two hours of sampling. The result includes a semi-quantitative assessment of bacillary load in the sample and simultaneously detects rifampicin resistance. This study was part of a cross-sectional, multi-centre clinical trial. The Cape Town component of this study was conducted at three sites, one hospital based and other two community clinics, all with high TB/HIV coinfection rate. Among 43.2% of patients diagnosed with TB during the evaluation study, GeneXpert detected TB in 95.5% of all culture positive cases. In smear positive patients, sensitivity was 99.0% and in smear-negative, culture positive patients, 86.1%. Specificity in patients who were culture negative and clinically diagnosed as non-TB after follow up was 98.4%. Sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert in detecting rifampicin resistance was 100% comparing to phenotypically detected drug resistance. GeneXpert is a highly promising novel tool for the rapid diagnosis of adult TB. Future studies are needed to establish the performance and impact of GeneXpert when performed at the level of the microscopy centre. DA - 2010 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PB - University of Cape Town PY - 2010 T1 - Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis TI - Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2715 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/2715
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationMilovic A. Novel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosis. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town ,Faculty of Health Sciences ,Division of Medical Microbiology, 2010 [cited yyyy month dd]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2715en_ZA
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Medical Microbiologyen_ZA
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Cape Town
dc.subject.otherMedical Microbiologyen_ZA
dc.titleNovel Diagnostic approach for tuberculosis diagnosisen_ZA
dc.typeMaster Thesis
dc.type.qualificationlevelMasters
uct.type.filetypeText
uct.type.publicationResearchen_ZA
uct.type.resourceThesisen_ZA
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