The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress

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dc.contributor.authorNtatamala, Itumeleng
dc.contributor.authorAdams, Shahieda
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-11T08:23:38Z
dc.date.available2022-04-11T08:23:38Z
dc.date.issued2022-02-11
dc.date.updated2022-02-24T14:50:30Z
dc.description.abstractWe investigated factors associated with increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in ambulance personnel and the barriers faced in accessing support for work-related stress (WRS). A cross-sectional study of 388 ambulance personnel used self-administered questionnaires to assess for PTSD and level of occupational stressors: Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Critical Incident Inventory, EMS Chronic Stress Questionnaire, SF-36 Quality of Life and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. The prevalence of PTSD in the study population was 30%. The participants were predominantly female (55%), with a median age of 38 (IQR; 31–44) years. PTSD was associated with smoking (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.05–2.95), illicit drug use (OR = 16.4, 95% CI: 1.87–143.86) and problem drinking (OR = 3.86, 95% CI: 1.80–8.23). A self-reported mental health condition (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.96–7.21), being treated for a medical condition (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.22–3.11), exposure to critical incident stress (OR = 4.27, 95% CI: 2.24–8.15) and chronic WRS (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.93–10.31) were associated with PTSD risk. Barriers to seeking help included concerns that services were not confidential and the negative impact on the participant’s career. The increased levels of WRS, strong associations with substance use and barriers to accessing care offer starting points for workplace interventions to reduce the impact of PTSD in ambulance personnel.en_US
dc.identifierdoi: 10.3390/ijerph19042046
dc.identifier.apacitationNtatamala, I., & Adams, S. (2022). The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress. <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>, 19(4), 2046. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36325en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationNtatamala, Itumeleng, and Shahieda Adams "The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress." <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i> 19, 4. (2022): 2046. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36325en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationNtatamala, I. & Adams, S. 2022. The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress. <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.</i> 19(4):2046. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36325en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Ntatamala, Itumeleng AU - Adams, Shahieda AB - We investigated factors associated with increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in ambulance personnel and the barriers faced in accessing support for work-related stress (WRS). A cross-sectional study of 388 ambulance personnel used self-administered questionnaires to assess for PTSD and level of occupational stressors: Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Critical Incident Inventory, EMS Chronic Stress Questionnaire, SF-36 Quality of Life and the Connor&ndash;Davidson Resilience Scale. The prevalence of PTSD in the study population was 30%. The participants were predominantly female (55%), with a median age of 38 (IQR; 31&ndash;44) years. PTSD was associated with smoking (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.05&ndash;2.95), illicit drug use (OR = 16.4, 95% CI: 1.87&ndash;143.86) and problem drinking (OR = 3.86, 95% CI: 1.80&ndash;8.23). A self-reported mental health condition (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.96&ndash;7.21), being treated for a medical condition (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.22&ndash;3.11), exposure to critical incident stress (OR = 4.27, 95% CI: 2.24&ndash;8.15) and chronic WRS (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.93&ndash;10.31) were associated with PTSD risk. Barriers to seeking help included concerns that services were not confidential and the negative impact on the participant&rsquo;s career. The increased levels of WRS, strong associations with substance use and barriers to accessing care offer starting points for workplace interventions to reduce the impact of PTSD in ambulance personnel. DA - 2022-02-11 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 4 J1 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health KW - paramedic KW - ambulance personnel KW - occupational KW - work-related stress KW - PTSD KW - post-traumatic stress KW - barriers LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2022 T1 - The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress TI - The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36325 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/36325
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationNtatamala I, Adams S. The Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(4):2046. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36325.en_ZA
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Public Health and Family Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Healthen_US
dc.source.journalissue4en_US
dc.source.journalvolume19en_US
dc.source.pagination2046en_US
dc.subjectparamedicen_US
dc.subjectambulance personnel
dc.subjectoccupational
dc.subjectwork-related stress
dc.subjectPTSD
dc.subjectpost-traumatic stress
dc.subjectbarriers
dc.titleThe Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Ambulance Personnel and Barriers Faced in Accessing Care for Work-Related Stressen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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