Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication

dc.contributor.authorNutbeam, Tim
dc.contributor.authorFenwick, Rob
dc.contributor.authorMay, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorStassen, Willem
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Jason
dc.contributor.authorShippen, James
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-06T08:02:27Z
dc.date.available2022-04-06T08:02:27Z
dc.date.issued2022-01-15
dc.date.updated2022-01-16T05:06:10Z
dc.description.abstractBackground Motor vehicle collisions remain a common cause of spinal cord injury. Biomechanical studies of spinal movement often lack “real world” context and applicability. Additional data may enhance our understanding of the potential for secondary spinal cord injury. We propose the metric ‘travel’ (total movement) and suggest that our understanding of movement related risk of injury could be improved if travel was routinely reported. We report maximal movement and travel for collar application in vehicle and subsequent self-extrication. Methods Biomechanical data on application of cervical collar with the volunteer sat in a vehicle were collected using Inertial Measurement Units on 6 healthy volunteers. Maximal movement and travel are reported. These data and a re-analysis of previously published work is used to demonstrate the utility of travel and maximal movement in the context of self-extrication. Results Data from a total of 60 in-vehicle collar applications across three female and three male volunteers was successfully collected for analysis. The mean age across participants was 50.3 years (range 28–68) and the BMI was 27.7 (range 21.5–34.6). The mean maximal anterior–posterior movement associated with collar application was 2.3 mm with a total AP travel of 4.9 mm. Travel (total movement) for in-car application of collar and self-extrication was 9.5 mm compared to 9.4 mm travel for self-extrication without a collar. Conclusion We have demonstrated the application of ‘travel’ in the context of self-extrication. Total travel is similar across self-extricating healthy volunteers with and without a collar. We suggest that where possible ‘travel’ is collected and reported in future biomechanical studies in this and related areas of research. It remains appropriate to apply a cervical collar to self-extricating casualties when the clinical target is that of movement minimisation.en_US
dc.identifier.apacitationNutbeam, T., Fenwick, R., May, B., Stassen, W., Smith, J., & Shippen, J. (2022). Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication. <i>Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine</i>, 30(1), 4. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36278en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitationNutbeam, Tim, Rob Fenwick, Barbara May, Willem Stassen, Jason Smith, and James Shippen "Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication." <i>Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine</i> 30, 1. (2022): 4. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36278en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationNutbeam, T., Fenwick, R., May, B., Stassen, W., Smith, J. & Shippen, J. 2022. Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication. <i>Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine.</i> 30(1):4. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36278en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Journal Article AU - Nutbeam, Tim AU - Fenwick, Rob AU - May, Barbara AU - Stassen, Willem AU - Smith, Jason AU - Shippen, James AB - Background Motor vehicle collisions remain a common cause of spinal cord injury. Biomechanical studies of spinal movement often lack “real world” context and applicability. Additional data may enhance our understanding of the potential for secondary spinal cord injury. We propose the metric ‘travel’ (total movement) and suggest that our understanding of movement related risk of injury could be improved if travel was routinely reported. We report maximal movement and travel for collar application in vehicle and subsequent self-extrication. Methods Biomechanical data on application of cervical collar with the volunteer sat in a vehicle were collected using Inertial Measurement Units on 6 healthy volunteers. Maximal movement and travel are reported. These data and a re-analysis of previously published work is used to demonstrate the utility of travel and maximal movement in the context of self-extrication. Results Data from a total of 60 in-vehicle collar applications across three female and three male volunteers was successfully collected for analysis. The mean age across participants was 50.3 years (range 28–68) and the BMI was 27.7 (range 21.5–34.6). The mean maximal anterior–posterior movement associated with collar application was 2.3 mm with a total AP travel of 4.9 mm. Travel (total movement) for in-car application of collar and self-extrication was 9.5 mm compared to 9.4 mm travel for self-extrication without a collar. Conclusion We have demonstrated the application of ‘travel’ in the context of self-extrication. Total travel is similar across self-extricating healthy volunteers with and without a collar. We suggest that where possible ‘travel’ is collected and reported in future biomechanical studies in this and related areas of research. It remains appropriate to apply a cervical collar to self-extricating casualties when the clinical target is that of movement minimisation. DA - 2022-01-15 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 1 J1 - Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2022 T1 - Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication TI - Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36278 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-022-00992-9
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11427/36278
dc.identifier.vancouvercitationNutbeam T, Fenwick R, May B, Stassen W, Smith J, Shippen J. Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. 2022;30(1):4. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36278.en_ZA
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.publisher.departmentDivision of Emergency Medicineen_US
dc.publisher.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_US
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.sourceScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicineen_US
dc.source.journalissue1en_US
dc.source.journalvolume30en_US
dc.source.pagination4en_US
dc.source.urihttps://sjtrem.biomedcentral.com/
dc.titleMaximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extricationen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
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