Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands
| dc.contributor.author | Vos, Heleen C | |
| dc.contributor.author | Fister, Wolfgang | |
| dc.contributor.author | Eckardt, Frank D | |
| dc.contributor.author | Palmer, Anthony R | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kuhn, Nikolaus J | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-10-13T18:07:25Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-10-13T18:07:25Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-12-08 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2020-12-24T19:56:11Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | The sandy croplands in the Free State have been identified as one of the main dust sources in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and strength of physical soil crusts on cropland soils in the Free State, to identify the rainfall required to form a stable crust, and to test their impact on dust emissions. Crust strength was measured using a fall cone penetrometer and a torvane, while laboratory rainfall simulations were used to form experimental crusts. Dust emissions were measured with a Portable In-Situ Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL). The laboratory rainfall simulations showed that stable crusts could be formed by 15 mm of rainfall. The PI-SWERL experiments illustrated that the PM10 emission flux of such crusts is between 0.14% and 0.26% of that of a non-crusted Luvisol and Arenosol, respectively. The presence of abraders on the crust can increase the emissions up to 4% and 8% of the non-crusted dust flux. Overall, our study shows that crusts in the field are potentially strong enough to protect the soil surfaces against wind erosion during a phase of the cropping cycle when the soil surface is not protected by plants. | en_US |
| dc.identifier | doi: 10.3390/land9120503 | |
| dc.identifier.apacitation | Vos, Heleen C., Fister, W., Eckardt, Frank D., Palmer, Anthony R., & Kuhn, Nikolaus J. (2020). Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands. <i>Land</i>, 9(12), http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35232 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.chicagocitation | Vos, Heleen C., Wolfgang Fister, Frank D. Eckardt, Anthony R. Palmer, and Nikolaus J. Kuhn "Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands." <i>Land</i> 9, 12. (2020) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35232 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.citation | Vos, Heleen C., Fister, W., Eckardt, Frank D., Palmer, Anthony R. & Kuhn, Nikolaus J. 2020. Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands. <i>Land.</i> 9(12) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35232 | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.ris | TY - Journal Article AU - Vos, Heleen C. AU - Fister, Wolfgang AU - Eckardt, Frank D. AU - Palmer, Anthony R. AU - Kuhn, Nikolaus J. AB - The sandy croplands in the Free State have been identified as one of the main dust sources in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and strength of physical soil crusts on cropland soils in the Free State, to identify the rainfall required to form a stable crust, and to test their impact on dust emissions. Crust strength was measured using a fall cone penetrometer and a torvane, while laboratory rainfall simulations were used to form experimental crusts. Dust emissions were measured with a Portable In-Situ Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL). The laboratory rainfall simulations showed that stable crusts could be formed by 15 mm of rainfall. The PI-SWERL experiments illustrated that the PM10 emission flux of such crusts is between 0.14% and 0.26% of that of a non-crusted Luvisol and Arenosol, respectively. The presence of abraders on the crust can increase the emissions up to 4% and 8% of the non-crusted dust flux. Overall, our study shows that crusts in the field are potentially strong enough to protect the soil surfaces against wind erosion during a phase of the cropping cycle when the soil surface is not protected by plants. DA - 2020-12-08 DB - OpenUCT DP - University of Cape Town IS - 12 J1 - Land LK - https://open.uct.ac.za PY - 2020 T1 - Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands TI - Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35232 ER - | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.3390/land9120503 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35232 | |
| dc.identifier.vancouvercitation | Vos Heleen C, Fister W, Eckardt Frank D, Palmer Anthony R, Kuhn Nikolaus J. Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands. Land. 2020;9(12) http://hdl.handle.net/11427/35232. | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher.department | Department of Environmental and Geographical Science | en_US |
| dc.publisher.faculty | Faculty of Science | en_US |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_US |
| dc.source | Land | en_US |
| dc.source.journalissue | 12 | en_US |
| dc.source.journalvolume | 9 | en_US |
| dc.source.uri | https://www.mdpi.com/journal/land | |
| dc.title | Physical Crust Formation on Sandy Soils and Their Potential to Reduce Dust Emissions from Croplands | en_US |
| dc.type | Journal Article | en_US |